The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Aug 2014
Observational StudyPulmonary fibrosis on multidetector computed tomography and mortality in patients with radiation-associated cardiac disease undergoing cardiac surgery.
In the long-term, malignancy-associated thoracic radiation leads to varying degrees of pulmonary fibrosis and radiation-associated cardiac disease, often requiring cardiothoracic surgery. We sought to determine whether pulmonary fibrosis affects mortality in patients with radiation-associated cardiac disease undergoing cardiothoracic surgery. ⋯ In patients with radiation-associated cardiac disease undergoing cardiothoracic surgery, worsening pulmonary fibrosis is associated with increased mortality.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Aug 2014
Alternation of left ventricular load by a continuous-flow left ventricular assist device with a native heart load control system in a chronic heart failure model.
We previously developed a native heart load control system for a continuous-flow left ventricular assist device and demonstrated that the rotational speed synchronized with the cardiac cycle can alter left ventricular preload and myocardial oxygen consumption. In the present study, we assessed this system in a conscious goat model of chronic heart failure. ⋯ The system offers the possibility to control the left ventricular load by changing the rotational speed of a continuous-flow assist device in synchronization with the cardiac cycle. This system should provide the most favorable left ventricular loading conditions for recovery of the native heart.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Aug 2014
Progressive thermopreconditioning attenuates rat cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury by mitochondria-mediated antioxidant and antiapoptotic mechanisms.
Progressive thermal preconditioning (PTP) provides vascular protection with less hemodynamic fluctuations, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and oxidative stress compared with whole body hyperthermia. We suggest PTP might efficiently diminish cardiac ischemia/reperfusion-induced apoptosis and autophagy injury. ⋯ PTP significantly reduced cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury by upregulating antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and antiautophagic mechanisms.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Aug 2014
Effect of microRNA-145 to prevent vein graft disease in rabbits by regulation of smooth muscle cell phenotype.
Because microRNA-145 (miR-145) is a specific mediator in the regulation of the proliferation and differentiation of smooth muscle cells, we investigated the effect of miR-145 on the intimal hyperplasia in the rabbit model of vein graft disease using electroporation-mediated gene transfer. ⋯ Nonviral transduction of miR-145 into the bypass graft could be a novel option for preventing intimal hyperplasia in vein graft disease.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Aug 2014
Sulforaphane pretreatment prevents systemic inflammation and renal injury in response to cardiopulmonary bypass.
Systemic inflammatory responses are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms for systemic inflammation in response to cardiopulmonary bypass are poorly understood. ⋯ Systemic inflammatory responses after cardiopulmonary bypass were associated with activation of p38 and nuclear factor-κB pathways in circulating leukocytes. Inflammatory responses to cardiopulmonary bypass can be reduced by sulforaphane, which reduced leukocyte activation and protected against renal injury.