The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Jul 2024
Comparative StudyIncreased-Risk Versus Standard-Risk Donation in Lung Transplantation: A United Network of Organ Sharing Analysis.
Donors with characteristics that increase risk of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and HIV transmission are deemed increased-risk donors (IRDs) per Public Health Service guidelines. Compared with organs from standard-risk donors (SRDs), IRD organs are more frequently declined. We sought to investigate the outcomes of IRD lung transplant recipients following the 2013 guideline change. ⋯ IRD and SRD recipients demonstrated equivalent survival outcomes. Our study suggests that IRDs offer a safe approach to expand the donor pool and increase availability of lungs for transplantation.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Jul 2024
Comparative StudySurgical Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation is Associated with Improved Survival Compared to Appendage Obliteration Alone: An Analysis of 100,000 Medicare Beneficiaries.
Societal guidelines support the concomitant surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Recent evidence has highlighted the stroke reduction of left atrial appendage obliteration with or without surgical ablation in similar populations. To inform clinical decision-making, we evaluated real-world outcomes of patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing cardiac surgery by comparing no atrial fibrillation management with left atrial appendage obliteration alone versus surgical ablation + left atrial appendage obliteration. ⋯ In Medicare beneficiaries with atrial fibrillation undergoing cardiac surgery, the surgical management of atrial fibrillation was associated with lower 3-year mortality and readmission for stroke, with surgical ablation + left atrial appendage obliteration being associated with higher survival compared with left atrial appendage obliteration alone.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Jul 2024
Comparative StudyPersistent Racial and Sex-based Disparities in Lung Cancer Screening Eligibility.
To evaluate race- and sex-based disparities in lung cancer screening eligibility under the 2013 US Preventive Services Task Force, 2021 US Preventive Services Task Force, and National Comprehensive Cancer Network lung cancer screening guidelines. ⋯ In this analysis of patients with lung cancer in the Southern Community Cohort Study, there remained a large gap in lung cancer screening eligibility between Black and White men and women under the 2021 US Preventive Services Task Force guideline. Only 50% of Black women and 63% of Black men diagnosed with lung cancer would have qualified for screening.