The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Sep 2011
Emergency operation for penetrating thoracic trauma in a metropolitan surgical service in South Africa.
This audit examines our total experience with penetrating thoracic trauma. It reviews all the patients who were brought alive to our surgical service and all who were taken directly to the mortuary. The group of patients who underwent emergency operation for penetrating thoracic trauma is examined in detail. ⋯ Penetrating thoracic trauma has a high mortality rate of 30% for subjects with stab wounds and 52% for those with gunshot wounds. Less than a quarter of patients with a penetrating cardiac injury reach the hospital alive. Of those who do and who are operated on, about 90 percent will survive. Other injuries necessitating emergency operation are lung parenchyma, intercostal vessels and internal thoracic vessels, and great vessels of the thorax. Gunshot wounds of the thorax remain more lethal than stab wounds.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Sep 2011
Perioperative aminoglycoside treatment is associated with a higher incidence of postoperative dialysis in adult cardiac surgery patients.
Aminoglycoside treatment has been associated with nephrotoxic effects. However, the effect of perioperative aminoglycoside treatment on the risk of acute kidney injury requiring dialysis among patients undergoing cardiac surgery remains uncertain. ⋯ Perioperative use of aminoglycosides in adults undergoing cardiac surgery was associated with increased risk of postoperative dialysis.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Sep 2011
Cardiac support device, restrictive mitral valve annuloplasty, and optimized medical treatment: a multimodality approach to nonischemic cardiomyopathy.
Nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy with functional mitral regurgitation carries a poor prognosis. Mitral valve surgery with implantation of a cardiac support device can treat mitral regurgitation and promote left ventricular reverse remodeling. This observational study evaluates clinical and echocardiographic outcomes of an individualized medico-surgical approach, focusing on mitral regurgitation recurrence and left ventricular reverse remodeling. ⋯ An individualized medico-surgical approach to nonischemic cardiomyopathy combining restrictive mitral annuloplasty, cardiac support device implantation, and optimal medical management leads to favorable survival and improved functional status, low incidence of significant recurrent mitral regurgitation, and sustained left ventricular reverse remodeling.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Sep 2011
Thoracic endovascular aortic repair: evolution of therapy, patterns of use, and results in a 10-year experience.
The introduction of aortic stent grafting in the treatment of thoracic aortic disease has pioneered unique treatment options and gained rapid clinical adoption despite a paucity of long-term outcome data. The purpose of this analysis is to examine all operations performed using thoracic aortic stent grafts at the University of Pennsylvania Health System. ⋯ Thoracic aortic stent grafting has evolved to be a viable option to complement, augment, or even replace traditional treatments for aortic disease. These data illustrate the applicability of this evolving technology in the establishment of new treatment paradigms for complex aortic pathologies.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Sep 2011
Perioperative cerebral and somatic oxygenation in neonates with hypoplastic left heart syndrome or transposition of the great arteries.
Significant depression in cerebral oxygen saturation has been observed in patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) undergoing Norwood operations. We monitored cerebral oxygen saturation with near-infrared spectroscopy before and after this procedure. Patients with transposition of great arteries (TGA) before and after arterial switch operation were also studied to elucidate whether post-cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) changes in cerebral oxygen saturation are related to CPB or hemodynamic alterations inherent in single-ventricle physiology. ⋯ Depression of cerebral oxygen saturation is prevalent among neonates with congenital heart disease regardless of whether univentricular or biventricular circulation is present, suggesting that cerebral desaturation is mainly induced by CPB's effect on cerebral blood flow. Routine measures of oxygen delivery fail to indicate cerebral desaturation.