Rhinology
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Accidental nasal inhalation of molten aluminium can occur during the industrial production of aluminium in spite of stringent safety precautions. In this case, believed to be the first reported in the literature, the initial evaluation of damage to the nasal mucosa was underestimated, because, in addition to a large nugget of aluminium in one nasal fossa, smaller fragments had penetrated deep into the middle meatus. These smaller fragments, undetected because of the poor radiopacity of aluminium, were responsible for extensive tissue damage which caused ethmoiditis and secondary maxillary sinusitis.
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Biography Historical Article
Nasal surgery in German speaking countries around the turn of the century.
The historical review of submucous septal surgery includes the German pioneers Hartmann (1882) and Petersen (1883), Krieg (1886) and Killian (1899) who finally refined this operation. Besides his technical notes and the development of new instruments Killian defined indications and contraindications for this type of surgery which are considered valid even today.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Deposition pattern of nasal sprays in man.
The intranasal distribution from an aqueous pump spray has been assessed in 13 normal subjects, using insoluble Teflon particles labelled with 99Tcm which were intended to simulate a suspension of drug particles. Three different combinations of metered volume and spray cone angle were compared. The main deposition of particles was in the anterior, non-ciliated, part of the nose, but some particles also penetrated more posteriorly into the main nasal passages and were cleared subsequently to the nasopharynx. ⋯ The latter were deposited over a significantly (P less than 0.05) smaller area in the nasal cavity. There was a trend towards lower particle retention and a greater area of deposition when the spray cone angle was decreased from 60 degrees to 35 degrees. These results indicate that the drug particles released from nasal pump sprays are distributed both to ciliated and non-ciliated zones, and that the choice of metered volume and possibly spray cone angle may play a role in determining the amount which penetrates to the main nasal passages.