Journal of pediatric surgery
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Development of a novel method to predict disability after head trauma in children.
Although analysis of functional independence measures (FIM) at discharge are useful for assessing extent of disability in head-injured children, there is no reliable method to predict the severity of disability at the time of admission. The authors developed a novel method to predict severe disability after head trauma on admission. ⋯ P(D) offers a novel and reliable method for early prediction of likelihood of disability in children who sustain head trauma. Routine use of the P(D) may lead to earlier intervention to improve long-term results in head-injured children.
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The aim of this study was to determine if focused appendiceal computed tomography with colon contrast (FACT-CC) increases the accuracy of the preoperative diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children. ⋯ Preoperative FACT-CC did not increase the accuracy in diagnosing appendicitis when compared with patients diagnosed by history, physical examination and laboratory studies. If there was a strong suspicion of appendicitis, a negative CT scan did not exclude the diagnosis of appendicitis. However, focused appendiceal CT scan is a sensitive test with a high positive predictive value and may be useful in a patient with an atypical history or examination.
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Although extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a potentially lifesaving intervention, the effect of ECMO on neonatal mortality has never been evaluated. In this study, we examined the relationship between increased ECMO utilization and its effect on the neonatal mortality rate in the state of Michigan. ⋯ A strong association exists between ECMO volume and observed reductions in neonatal mortality seen in Michigan over the last 2 decades. This is the first study to show an association between ECMO and neonatal mortality rate at the population level.
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Case Reports
Chronic inspiratory stridor secondary to a retained penetrating radiolucent esophageal foreign body.
Although foreign body ingestions are common in infants and young children, penetration of the esophagus is a relatively rare event. Timely diagnosis is impeded by the absence of classical symptoms and by the ingestion of radiolucent foreign bodies. The authors present a 17-month-old girl with a 6-month history of inspiratory stridor. An extensive workup found a penetrating radiolucent foreign body at the thoracic inlet.
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Case Reports
Bronchopulmonary foregut malformation: a large bronchogenic cyst communicating with an esophageal duplication cyst.
A 1-year-old boy with a bronchopulmonary foregut malformation presented with a large mediastinal bronchogenic cyst associated with pulmonary sequestration, a cervical esophageal duplication cyst, a bronchial communication between these cysts, and 2 small bronchogenic cysts around the communication. These lesions were resected followed by an uneventful recovery.