The Journal of urology
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The Journal of urology · Dec 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyPercutaneous Nephrolithotomy vs Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery for Large Renal Stones in Pediatric Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
We compared outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotomy and retrograde intrarenal surgery in the treatment of children with renal calculi larger than 2 cm. ⋯ For treatment of large or complex renal stones in pediatric patients percutaneous nephrolithotomy monotherapy has the advantage of better stone-free rates, while retrograde intrarenal surgery has the advantages of decreased radiation exposure, fewer complications and shorter hospital stay.
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The Journal of urology · Dec 2015
The Impact of Urethral Risk Factors on Transcorporeal Artificial Urinary Sphincter Erosion Rates and Device Survival.
We report the impact of urethral risk factors on erosion rates and device survival outcomes after transcorporeal artificial urinary sphincter placement. ⋯ Transcorporeal artificial urinary sphincter implantation is generally reserved for complex and high risk cases but favorable functional results were demonstrated. However, patients with multiple urethral risk factors face a higher risk of erosion and device loss.
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The Journal of urology · Dec 2015
ReviewTreating Patients with Metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Comprehensive Review of Available Therapies.
The availability of newly approved treatment options for metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer is not matched with conclusive data on optimal sequencing strategies and resistance patterns. A comprehensive review of efficacy and safety data for new agents and current knowledge regarding treatment sequencing would enable treating physicians to make rational drug selections in patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer. ⋯ New therapies for metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer have brought new challenges with regard to treatment selection and sequencing. While hormonal agents provide good therapeutic responses, resistance may be intrinsic without prior drug exposure. Identifying predictors of response and relevant biomarkers will allow therapies to be more precisely tailored to individual patient profiles.
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The Journal of urology · Dec 2015
Comparative StudyHydrogen Sulfide Treatment Mitigates Renal Allograft Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury during Cold Storage and Improves Early Transplant Kidney Function and Survival Following Allogeneic Renal Transplantation.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is unavoidable during organ transplantation. Prolonged ischemia-reperfusion injury is detrimental to short-term and long-term graft function and survival. H2S is a recently characterized, endogenously produced gaseous molecule with important physiological roles that has been shown to be cytoprotective during tissue ischemia-reperfusion injury. The current study aimed to determine whether H2S could mitigate cold renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in the clinically relevant context of allogeneic renal transplantation. ⋯ To our knowledge our findings are the first to show that H2S protects donor kidneys against cold ischemia-reperfusion injury in the context of allogeneic renal transplantation. This potentially represents a novel cost-effective therapeutic solution to mitigate ischemia-reperfusion injury and improve the clinical outcomes of renal transplantation.
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The Journal of urology · Dec 2015
The Effects of Local and Systemic Growth Hormone Treatment on Germ Cell Population and Fertility in an Experimental Unilateral Testicular Torsion and Orchiectomy Model.
We evaluated the effects of local and systemic growth hormone on the germ cell population of the contralateral testes of pubertal rats subjected to unilateral testicular torsion and orchiectomy 24 hours later. ⋯ Fertility is not affected in rats after 24 hours of testicular torsion and orchiectomy, although there is germ cell injury and a decrease in the percent of haploid cells. Growth hormone administration resulted in the restoration of germ cell histology and an increase in the haploid cell percentage of the contralateral testes. Growth hormone may improve fertility after unilateral testicular torsion and orchiectomy.