Plos One
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Results from randomized controlled trials (RCT) concerning cardiac and renal effect of remote ischemic preconditioning(RIPC) in patients with stable coronary artery disease(CAD) are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to explore whether RIPC reduce cardiac and renal events after elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). ⋯ The present meta-analysis of RCTs suggests that RIPC may offer cardiorenal protection by reducing the incidence of MI and AKI in patients undergoing elective PCI. Moreover, this effect on MI is more pronounced in male subjects. Future high-quality, large-scale clinical trials should focus on the long-term clinical effect of RIPC.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Changes in QTc interval in the citalopram for agitation in Alzheimer's disease (CitAD) randomized trial.
A Food and Drug Administration (FDA) safety communication in August 2011 warned that citalopram was associated with a dose dependent risk of QT prolongation and recommended dose restriction in patients over the age of 60 but did not provide data for this age group. ⋯ Citalopram at 30 mg/day was associated with improvement in agitation in patients with AD but was also associated with QT prolongation.
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Stroke, the leading neurologic cause of death and disability, has a substantial genetic component. We previously conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in four prospective studies from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium and demonstrated that sequence variants near the NINJ2 gene are associated with incident ischemic stroke. Here, we sought to fine-map functional variants in the region and evaluate the contribution of rare variants to ischemic stroke risk. ⋯ Common and rare variants in the NINJ2 region were nominally associated with incident ischemic stroke among a subset of CHARGE participants. Allelic heterogeneity at this locus, caused by multiple rare, low frequency, and common variants with disparate effects on risk, may explain the difficulties in replicating the original GWAS results. Additional studies that take into account the complex allelic architecture at this locus are needed to confirm these findings.
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Meta Analysis
Efficacy of ketamine in improving pain after tonsillectomy in children: meta-analysis.
The goal of this meta-analysis study was to perform a systematic review of the literature on the effects of ketamine on postoperative pain following tonsillectomy and adverse effects in children. ⋯ Preoperative administration of ketamine systemically or locally could provide pain relief without side-effects in children undergoing tonsillectomy. However, considering the insufficient evaluation of efficacy of ketamine according to the administration methods and high heterogeneity in some parameters, further clinical trials with robust research methodology should be conducted to confirm the results of this study.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Efficacy of combination therapy with oseltamivir phosphate and azithromycin for influenza: a multicenter, open-label, randomized study.
Macrolides have antibiotic and immunomodulatory activities, which may have a favorable effect on the clinical outcome of patients with infections, including influenza. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of combination therapy with an anti-influenza agent, oseltamivir, and a single-dose formulation of azithromycin (AZM), which has been used for influenza-related secondary pneumonia, on influenza patients. The primary endpoint was a change in the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines. Secondary endpoints were the time required for resolution of influenza-related symptoms, incidence of complications, and adverse reactions. ⋯ University hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN).