Pediatrics
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To assess pediatricians' knowledge, attitudes, and professional experience regarding oral health, and to determine willingness to incorporate fluoride varnish into their practices. ⋯ Access to dental care and unmet dental health needs are serious, under addressed problems for poor and minority children in the United States. In promoting preventive oral health, pediatricians benefit all children and particularly the underserved. We know of 2 states, Washington and North Carolina, that have acknowledged, through the provision of reimbursement, that pediatricians have a unique opportunity at well-child care visits to provide caries prevention c
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Infant feeding mode affects early growth and body composition.
Differences in the growth pattern of breastfed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants are well-recognized and have been attributed to differences in nutrient intake. However, the impact of qualitative and quantitative differences in nutrient intake on the body composition of BF and FF infants has been unclear. Furthermore, it is unknown whether putative differences in body composition persist beyond weaning. ⋯ Infant feeding mode is associated with differences in body composition in early infancy which do not persist into the second year of life.
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Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Bronchial hyperresponsiveness before and after the diagnosis of bronchial asthma in children.
To assess at what age bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) is acquired in children with asthma. ⋯ These data suggest that BHR in many infants with asthma is acquired after several asthma attacks.bronchial hyperresponsiveness, childhood asthma, methacholine inhalation challenge, transcutaneous oxygen pressure.
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Although the frequency of pediatric office medical emergencies has been investigated in a retrospective manner, there have been no prospective studies. We examined how often pediatricians in a small rural state encountered medical emergencies in the office setting. This study included an in-office educational program and the donation of resuscitation equipment to study participants. ⋯ Serious medical emergencies are rare events in the primary care pediatric office, occurring less than once per office per year. The most common emergency situations encountered are respiratory. All of the emergencies in this study were managed effectively using a simple and relatively inexpensive resuscitation kit. We provided an emergency preparedness program for pediatric practices in a small rural state.
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The enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase metabolizes ingested ethylene glycol (EG) to the toxic compounds glycolic and oxalic acids. Renal failure, acidosis, hypocalcemia, and death may follow. Traditional treatment of EG poisoning may require ethanol, a competitive substrate of alcohol dehydrogenase, and hemodialysis, that removes both EG and its toxic metabolites. ⋯ He was treated with fomepizole and hemodialysis. Even after the completion of hemodialysis, fomepizole appeared to effectively block the production of EG toxic metabolites and to allow the resolution of acidosis; the patient recovered within 48 hours. This is the first report of fomepizole treatment of EG poisoning in an infant.4-methylpyrazole, fomepizole, poisoning, ethylene glycol, hemodialysis, infant, child, pediatrics.