Pediatrics
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This review was an effort to systematically examine the nationwide data available on pediatric burns requiring hospitalization to reveal burn epidemiology and guide future education and prevention. ⋯ Considering the national proportion of children, a high proportion of hospitalized patients with burn injury were children; those who were male, aged
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The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of information framing on parental decisions about resuscitation of extremely premature infants. Secondary outcomes focused on elucidating the impact of other variables on treatment choices and determining whether those effects would take precedence over any framing effects. ⋯ Framing bias may compromise efforts to approach prenatal counseling in a nondirective manner. This is especially true for subsets of participants who are not highly religious.
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Multicenter Study
Surfactant status in preterm neonates recovering from respiratory distress syndrome.
The goal was to establish whether reduced amounts of pulmonary surfactant contribute to postextubation respiratory failure in preterm infants recovering from respiratory distress syndrome. ⋯ In a selected population of preterm infants with moderate/severe respiratory distress syndrome who could not be extubated in the first 3 days of life, infants who were reintubated or needed high continuous positive airway pressure settings after extubation had a smaller disaturated phosphatidylcholine pool size than did those who were successfully extubated or needed low continuous positive airway pressure settings.
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Apparent life-threatening events in infants constitute a significant challenge for health care providers. Apparent life-threatening event evaluation and management are poorly defined, and outcomes have not been clearly determined. Our objectives were to characterize short- and long-term risks for death, child abuse, and abnormal neurological outcomes of infants after an apparent life-threatening event and to identify clinical features that are predictive of these outcomes. ⋯ Infants who suffer an apparent life-threatening event are at risk for subsequent child abuse and adverse neurological outcomes. Deaths were uncommon and only occurred in the setting of severe developmental delay and seizure disorders. Neurological evaluation during hospitalization for a first apparent life-threatening event is of low yield, but close follow-up is essential.
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The purpose of this study was to describe school food environments and policies in US public schools and how they vary according to school characteristics. ⋯ As children move to higher grade levels, their school food environments become less healthy. The great majority of US secondary schools sell items a la carte in the cafeteria and through vending machines, and these 2 sources often contain low-nutrient, energy-dense foods and beverages, commonly referred to as junk food.