Pediatrics
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Hypertonic saline and acute wheezing in preschool children.
Most acute wheezing episodes in preschool children are associated with rhinovirus. Rhinovirus decreases extracellular adenosine triphosphate levels, leading to airway surface liquid dehydration. This, along with submucosal edema, mucus plaques, and inflammation, causes failure of mucus clearance. These preschool children do not respond well to available treatments, even oral steroids. This calls for pro-mucus clearance and prohydration treatments such as hypertonic saline in wheezing preschool children. ⋯ Using HS inhalations significantly shortens LOS and lowers AR in preschool children presenting with an acute wheezing episode to the emergency department.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Oral dimenhydrinate versus placebo in children with gastroenteritis: a randomized controlled trial.
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral dimenhydrinate in the treatment of acute gastroenteritis. ⋯ The prescription of oral dimenhydrinate did not significantly decrease the frequency of vomiting in children with acute gastroenteritis compared with placebo.
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Multicenter Study
Approach to infants born at 22 to 24 weeks' gestation: relationship to outcomes of more-mature infants.
We sought to determine if a center's approach to care of premature infants at the youngest gestational ages (22-24 weeks' gestation) is associated with clinical outcomes among infants of older gestational ages (25-27 weeks' gestation). ⋯ This study suggests that physicians' willingness to provide care to extremely low gestation infants as measured by frequency of use of antenatal corticosteroids is associated with improved outcomes for more-mature infants.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Off-label use of recombinant factor VIIa in pediatric patients.
To examine off-label recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) use in pediatric patients including clinical indications, dose, adverse events, and outcomes. ⋯ There was a significant reduction in blood product administration after rFVIIa and a subjective response rate of 82%. Both pH and clinical context were associated with response to rFVIIa and mortality. Overall, 5.4% had a TEA reported.
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Multicenter Study
Mortality and neonatal morbidity among infants 501 to 1500 grams from 2000 to 2009.
To identify changes in mortality and neonatal morbidities for infants with birth weight 501 to 1500 g born from 2000 to 2009. ⋯ Mortality and major neonatal morbidity in survivors decreased for infants with birth weight 501 to 1500 g between 2000 and 2009. However, at the end of the decade, a high proportion of these infants still either died or survived after experiencing ≥ 1 major neonatal morbidity known to be associated with both short- and long-term adverse consequences.