Pediatrics
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Use of a Metronome in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Simulation Study.
Determine whether the use of a metronome improves chest compression rate and depth during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on a pediatric manikin. ⋯ The rate of chest compressions during CPR can be optimized by the use of a metronome. These findings will help medical professionals comply with the American Heart Association guidelines.
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The systemic responses to burns (in particular, elevated levels of catecholamines and stress hormones) have been shown to have an impact on cardiac function for at least 3 years in children with burns. However, it is not clear if these changes lead to long-term effects on the heart. The aim of this study was to assess whether pediatric burn injury is associated with increased long-term hospital use for circulatory diseases. ⋯ Children who sustain burn injury experience elevated hospital admission rates and increased length of hospital stay for diseases of the circulatory system for a prolonged period of time after burn discharge.
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There is limited experience in using deferred consent for studies involving children, which was legalized in the United Kingdom in 2008. We aimed to inform future studies by evaluating consent rates and reasons for nonconsent in a large randomized controlled trial in pediatric intensive care. ⋯ Design of emergency randomized controlled trials should balance the potential burden that seeking consent in difficult situations may cause against risk of bias by disproportionately excluding children who die or are transferred. Ethics committees could consider approving the use of already collected data when best efforts to obtain deferred consent are unsuccessful.
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Case Reports
Sirolimus Therapy in Congenital Hyperinsulinism: A Successful Experience Beyond Infancy.
Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) due to diffuse involvement of the pancreas is a challenging and severe illness in children. Its treatment is based on chronic therapy with diazoxide and/or octreotide, followed by partial pancreatectomy, which is often not resolutive. ⋯ To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a successful intervention in an older child. It provides a promising basis for further studies comparing sirolimus with other treatments, particularly in older children.