Pediatrics
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To describe the epidemiology of baseball-related injuries among children in the United States. ⋯ Youth baseball is a relatively safe sport for children. Although injury rates and the total number of injuries declined during the study period, our findings indicate that there are opportunities for making baseball an even safer sport for children. We recommend that all youth baseball players wear properly fitted mouth guards, that all leagues, schools, and parks install safety bases, that all batters use helmets with face shields, and that all players use safety baseballs.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Clonidine as an adjunct therapy to opioids for neonatal abstinence syndrome: a randomized, controlled trial.
To determine if oral clonidine would reduce the duration of opioid detoxification for neonatal abstinence syndrome. ⋯ In this randomized, double-blind trial, adding clonidine to standard opioid therapy for detoxification from in utero exposure to methadone or heroin reduced the duration of pharmacotherapy for neonatal abstinence without causing short-term adverse cardiovascular outcomes. A larger trial is indicated to determine long-term safety.
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This is a summary of the presentation on special considerations in the respiratory management of spinal muscular atrophy, presented as part of the program on pulmonary management of patients with pediatric neuromuscular disorders at the 30th annual Carrell-Krusen Neuromuscular Symposium on February 20, 2008.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Early systemic hypotension and vasopressor support in low birth weight infants: impact on neurodevelopment.
The duration and severity of systemic hypotension have been related with altered neurodevelopment. Cerebral circulation is pressure-passive in low birth weight infants with early systemic hypotension who receive cardiovascular support. The treatment of early systemic hypotension is controversial, because it has been associated with short-term and long-term morbidity in retrospective studies. However, there has been no prospective information on cardiovascular support for hypotension and morbidity. ⋯ Cautious use of cardiovascular support to treat early systemic hypotension in low birth weight infants seems to be safe. The question of whether raising systemic blood pressure to within a normal range will improve outcome should be examined by using appropriate study designs.
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This is a summary of the presentation on the assessment of sleep-disordered breathing in pediatric neuromuscular diseases, presented as part of the program on pulmonary management of pediatric patients with neuromuscular disorders at the 30th annual Carrell-Krusen Neuromuscular Symposium on February 20, 2008.