Neuroendocrinol Lett
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Neuroendocrinol Lett · Jan 2011
Case ReportsPeripheral nerve stimulation in intractable neuropathic pain.
Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) is a neurostimulation analgesic technique. PNS is utilized to treat peripheral neuropathic pain. It is highly sophisticated and a specialized technique used where other forms of treatment have failed. ⋯ In the second part, a case of intractable neuropathic pain following repeated surgery to the ulnar nerve is reported. Prior to PNS, the patient underwent multiple types of antineuralgic treatment with no significant result. Only after the PNS application, was a significant analgesic effect achieved.
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Neuroendocrinol Lett · Jan 2011
Expression of somatostatin receptor subtypes in primary and recurrent gonadotropinomas: are somatostatin receptors involved in pituitary adenoma recurrence?
Surgical treatment of pituitary macroadenomas often fails because of tumor recurrence after the operation. The causes of tumor recurrence are complex, but one of them may be the high growth potential of the adenoma. As somatostatin receptors mediate antiproliferative, anti-angiogenic and pro-apoptotic actions, it seemed reasonable to investigate their expression in dependence on the adenoma recurrence. ⋯ It is hypothesized that SSTR may, at least in part, counteract adenoma recurrence. On the other hand, it can be also presumed that the recurrent gonadotropinomas may be more sensitive to somatostatin analog treatment than primary ones. These hypotheses need to be confirmed in further studies.
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Neuroendocrinol Lett · Jan 2011
N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide with fractional excretion and clearance of sodium in relation to cardiovascular events after elective cervical spine surgery.
N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is increasingly being used as a biomarker of cardiovascular risk. To date neither its cut-off for postoperative period in noncardiac surgery nor whether the cardiovascular risk has any relation to natriuresis has been assessed. ⋯ The significant postoperative elevation of NT-proBNP had no relationship with the rise in FENa+, CNa+ or fUNa+ and was not connected with any occurrence of cardiovascular events in patients after elective cervical spine surgery.
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Neuroendocrinol Lett · Jan 2011
Awakening responses and diurnal fluctuations of salivary cortisol, DHEA-S and α-amylase in healthy male subjects.
Because the cortisol awakening response (CAR) has received increasing attention as a useful index of adrenocortical activity, the primary objective of this study was to investigate the presence of an awakening response for various salivary biomarkers of adrenocortical activity, including dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate (DHEA-S), which acts as a cortisol antagonist, and α-amylase, which is a predictor of circulating catecholamine activity. Salivary biological indicators are considered to be valuable markers of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis diurnal activity. ⋯ This correlation confirmed the distinctiveness of the two regulatory systems: salivary cortisol and DHEA-S concentrations reflect the activity of the HPA axis, whereas α-amylase activity is more closely related to sympathetic activity. In addition, the present study emphasizes the potential value of saliva collection (which is both easy and stress-free) in monitoring changes of adrenal function, confirming that multiple sampling (especially within 1 h after awakening) is necessary to reliably characterise biomarker activity when investigating neuroendocrine changes under various conditions.
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Neuroendocrinol Lett · Jan 2011
Case ReportsTransverse testicular ectopia with abnormal karyotype - a case report.
Growth disturbances and developmental malformations of external genitalia, such as hypospadias, bifid scrotum and micropenis, coexisting with non-palpable testes, may develop as a result of primary endocrinological dysfunctions as well as an effect secondary to chromosomal aberrations. Therefore, patients with these symptoms require specific diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. ⋯ The presence of mosaic karyotype with abnormal Y chromosome does not exclude a possibility of testis migration disorders, including TTE, caused by other (possibly genetic) factors. Laparoscopy is a technique of choice for diagnosis and treatment in cases of cryptorchidism.