Jpen Parenter Enter
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Jpen Parenter Enter · Mar 2016
Soybean and Fish Oil Mixture With Different ω-6/ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Ratios Modulates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Changes in Small Intestinal Intraepithelial γδT-Lymphocyte Expression in Mice.
This study investigated the effect of different ω-6/ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratios on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced changes to small intestinal intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) γδT-cell expression. ⋯ Fish oil diets with a ω-6/ω-3 PUFA ratio of 2:1 were more effective than those with a ratio of 4:1 in improving DSS-induced small intestinal injury, and activation of PPAR-γ in IEL γδT cells may be associated with resolution of small intestinal inflammation.
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Jpen Parenter Enter · Feb 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialHypocaloric vs Normocaloric Nutrition in Critically Ill Patients: A Prospective Randomized Pilot Trial.
Optimal nutrition of critically ill patients is still a matter of debate. This pilot trial aimed to compare the impact of normocaloric vs hypocaloric feeding in critically ill patients in the first 7 days in the intensive care unit (ICU). The primary end point was the rate of nosocomial infections during the ICU stay. ⋯ Hypocaloric feeding in the first 7 days in critically ill patients was associated with more nosocomial infections but less insulin demand and less gastrointestinal intolerance compared with normocaloric feeding.
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Jpen Parenter Enter · Feb 2016
Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels at Initiation of Care and Duration of Mechanical Ventilation in Critically Ill Surgical Patients.
Limited data exist regarding the relationship between plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and duration of respiratory support. Our goal was to explore whether vitamin D status at the time of intensive care unit (ICU) admission is associated with duration of mechanical ventilation in critically ill surgical patients. ⋯ In our cohort of critically ill surgical patients, plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels measured on ICU admission were inversely associated with the duration of respiratory support. Randomized controlled trials are needed to assess whether vitamin D supplementation can influence duration of mechanical ventilation in surgical ICU patients.
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Jpen Parenter Enter · Jan 2016
Nurses' Perceptions Regarding the Prevalence, Detection, and Causes of Malnutrition in Canadian Hospitals: Results of a Canadian Malnutrition Task Force Survey.
Given the high prevalence of malnutrition in hospitalized patients, nurses frequently encounter patients with significantly impaired nutrition status. The objective of this study was to determine nurses' attitudes and perceptions regarding the prevalence, detection, and causes of malnutrition in Canadian tertiary care and community hospitals. ⋯ Nurses consider nutrition assessment important and relevant and require access to training to improve their capacity to detect malnutrition in their patients. Nurses are vital to the nutrition care of hospitalized patients and are well positioned to screen for nutrition risk and assist in nutrition management. The role of nurses in nutrition care needs to be linked to hospital policy.