Jpen Parenter Enter
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Jpen Parenter Enter · Jul 1995
Effect of different combinations of dietary additives on bacterial translocation and survival in gut-derived sepsis.
Dietary arginine, glutamine, and fish oil each have been shown to improve resistance to infection. The purpose of this study was to assess the potential benefit of different combinations and amounts of these components on bacterial translocation and related mortality during gut-derived sepsis. ⋯ Feeding with arginine+glutamine, fish oil+arginine, or fish oil+glutamine supplemented diets positively affects the outcome in a gut-derived sepsis model.
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Jpen Parenter Enter · Mar 1995
ReviewIntravenous albumin and nutrition support: going for the quick fix.
IV albumin has been advocated as adjunctive therapy for hypoalbuminemic patients who are receiving nutrition support. This discussion will critically consider the rationale for this recommendation as well as the evidence available in the medical literature. ⋯ There is reason to believe that IV albumin is not effective in improving the clinical outcome of hypoalbuminemic patients who are receiving nutrition support. Until more compelling data become available, it is not reasonable to adopt a policy of routinely correcting the hypoalbuminemia in this way. In fact, hypoalbuminemia may be a manifestation of a serious disease state rather than a marker of deficient protein stores.
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Jpen Parenter Enter · Mar 1995
Clinical TrialPeripherally inserted central catheters: a report of 2506 catheter days.
The establishment of reliable central venous access is essential in the management of patients with major complications, including pneumothorax and hemopneumothorax. Although peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) offer advantages over traditional central venous approaches, PICC lines are associated with a number of insertion and maintenance problems, including clotting and catheter fracture. These complications often result in catheter removal before completion of prescribed therapy. ⋯ The majority of published data about PICC lines is in the area of chemotherapy or antibiotic infusion. Our study supports the use of PICC lines in patients receiving a variety of solutions, primarily parenteral nutrition. With an experienced, team approach to catheter placement and maintenance, PICC lines provide reliable, cost-effective venous access and reduce many of the complications of central venous access in a variety of clinical settings.
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Jpen Parenter Enter · Jan 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialInfluence of three different fiber-supplemented enteral diets on bowel function and short-chain fatty acid production.
Dietary fiber is known to influence bowel habit and gastrointestinal mucosal cell morphology and function. large-bowel function is particularly influenced by insoluble, poorly fermentable fiber sources, whereas mucosal function is affected by fiber sources that are soluble and highly fermentable. The aim of the present study was to compare bowel function during consumption of a self-selected diet, a fiber-free enteral diet, and three polymeric enteral diets, each supplemented with a fiber with different fermentation characteristics. The fiber sources used were oat, soy oligosaccharide, and soy polysaccharide. ⋯ Compared with a fiber-free polymeric enteral diet, the daily consumption of an enteral diet supplemented with 30 g of total dietary fiber per day derived from a poorly fermentable oat fiber, a highly fermentable soy oligosaccharide fiber, or a moderately fermentable soy polysaccharide fiber has little impact, if any, on bowel function.