Arch Pediat Adol Med
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Arch Pediat Adol Med · Jun 1996
Comparative StudyHealth care of children and adults with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A population-based analysis.
To compare the use of medical services by pediatric and adult patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the 6 months before and after the diagnosis of AIDS when demand for care is often high and to study the influence of human immunodeficiency virus specialty care on survival of pediatric patients. ⋯ In this AIDS cohort, infants had the greatest use of inpatient care, and older children used the emergency department more than adults. The finding of improved survival for infants and children with human immunodeficiency virus specialty care warrants further study in more recent years.
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To examine medical and demographic factors associated with the firearm-related deaths among children in Kentucky. ⋯ Children in rural areas of Kentucky are at an increased risk for firearm-related mortality. Prevention and intervention programs that focus only on urban areas may not produce optimum results in the Kentucky setting. Further research is needed to determine factors that are important in rural areas so that interventions specific to them can be planned.
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Arch Pediat Adol Med · May 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEfficacy of topical anesthesia in children.
To compare the efficacy of three formulations of a topical anesthetic solution composed of various concentrations of tetracaine hydrochloride, adrenaline (epinephrine), and cocaine hydrochloride (TAC), and to compare the cost of the topical anesthetic solutions with the cost of lidocaine infiltration. ⋯ The application of a TAC solution containing 4% cocaine is as effective as a TAC solution containing 11.8% cocaine. Use of the 4% solution decreases the cost of the agent. Adrenaline is a necessary ingredient in the anesthetic solution.
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Arch Pediat Adol Med · May 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEducational interventions to alter pediatric emergency department utilization patterns.
To test the hypothesis that educating parents about use of their primary care provider and providing information about common pediatric illnesses will reduce visits to the pediatric emergency department (PED). ⋯ A one-time educational intervention in the PED does not alter long-term emergency department utilization habits. More extensive education and greater availability of primary care providers may be needed to decrease use of the PED for minor illness.
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Arch Pediat Adol Med · May 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialAnti-inflammatory therapy reduces wheezing after bronchiolitis.
To evaluate whether early anti-inflammatory therapy with nebulized cromolyn sodium or budesonide reduces wheezing after bronchiolitis. ⋯ Early anti-inflammatory therapy with nebulized cromolyn sodium or budesonide reduces the number of wheezing episodes and hospital admissions after bronchiolitis. Children with atopy are at high risk of subsequent wheezing episodes, and they particularly benefit from anti-inflammatory therapy.