Arch Pediat Adol Med
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Arch Pediat Adol Med · May 1994
Case ReportsListeria monocytogenes and severe newborn respiratory failure supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
To determine the efficacy of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in newborn infants with early-onset Listeria monocytogenes infection, necrotizing pneumonia, and severe respiratory failure. ⋯ These data suggest that ECMO is efficacious in patients with severe respiratory failure secondary to Listeria sepsis. Prolonged time on bypass should be expected when Listeria sepsis is associated with severe necrotizing pneumonia.
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To look at the role of a standardized screening test for assessing depression in children and adolescents with and without sickle-cell disease and to compare findings with this instrument with clinical evaluations by child psychiatrists. In addition, to suggest the prevalence of clinical depression in children and adolescents with sickle-cell disease. ⋯ Excessive fatigue and physical complaint factors contributed to a high false-positive rate when the Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised was used to screen for depression among patients with sickle-cell disease. Based on the clinical interview by a child psychiatrist, the actual prevalence of clinical depression was not increased in children with sickle-cell disease compared with those without this chronic illness.
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To determine the risk factors associated with recurrent intussusception (RI) and to characterize the timing, features, and complications of RI. ⋯ Recurrent intussusception cannot be predicted by presenting features or symptoms; operative reduction due to a failed reduction by a barium enema reduces the risk of RI; and patients with RI have fewer symptoms with a shorter duration.
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Arch Pediat Adol Med · Apr 1994
Age as a risk factor for burn injury requiring hospitalization during early childhood.
To examine the variation by age in the rates and causes of burn injury requiring hospitalization during early childhood. ⋯ The findings underscore the importance of developmental stage as a determinant of risk and type of burn injury. Children aged 6 months through 2 years are at increased risk of severe burn injury and should be targeted for prevention efforts.
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Arch Pediat Adol Med · Mar 1994
Comparative StudyMaximizing the stability of oxygen delivered via nasal cannula.
The effective fractional inspired oxygen concentration (FiO2) of supplemental oxygen provided to infants via nasal cannula may be adjusted by changing cannula flow rate or oxygen concentration, factors within our control. However, FiO2 also varies with changes in the patient's breathing, factors beyond our control. While a stable oxygen delivery is desirable, combinations of flow and concentration that maximize stability over time need to be studied. ⋯ To minimize variability in oxygen delivery via nasal cannula to infants, cannula flow should be reduced to the lowest possible flow by using undiluted (100%) oxygen. Supplemental oxygen may then be weaned by making small reductions in cannula flow. Cannula oxygen concentration should be reduced below 100% only after the minimum calibrated flow rate is reached. Such a strategy may maximize the stability of delivered oxygen over time as well as minimize the size of changes in delivered oxygen at each step of the weaning process.