Pediatr Crit Care Me
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Mar 2011
Case ReportsFulminant pH1N1-09 influenza-associated myocarditis in pediatric patients.
To report an atypical presentation of pH1N1-09 influenza infection in children as fulminant myocarditis and tamponade and the successful treatment with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. ⋯ pH1N1-09 influenza infection can cause fulminant myocarditis in the healthy pediatric population. The clinical presentation may be nonspecific, and the lack of pulmonary symptoms may make diagnosis difficult. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support may offer an effective bridge to the recovery of heart function.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Mar 2011
Central extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for refractory pediatric septic shock.
To demonstrate positive outcome, to achieve higher flow rates, and to reverse shock more quickly by implementing central extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in children with refractory septic shock. Children hospitalized with sepsis have significant mortality rates. The development of shock is the most important risk factor for death. For children with septic shock refractory to all other forms of therapy, ECMO has been recommended but estimated survival is <50% and the best method of applying the technology is unknown. In recent years, our institutional practice has been to cannulate children with refractory septic shock directly through the chest (central, atrioaortic ECMO) to achieve higher blood flow rates. ⋯ Central ECMO seems to be associated with better survival than conventional ECMO and should be considered by clinicians as a viable strategy in children with refractory septic shock.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Mar 2011
Toddlers requiring pediatric intensive care unit admission following at-home exposure to buprenorphine/naloxone.
Sublingual buprenorphine is an alternative to methadone for office-based treatment of opioid dependence. Recent reports have examined a growing number of unintentional buprenorphine exposures in children resulting in significant toxicity, even after a single lick or taste of a sublingual tablet. Here, we report a series of unintentional buprenorphine exposures in toddlers over a 2.5-yr period that led to admission to the pediatric intensive care unit. ⋯ The increased use and similarity to candy of the current formulation of buprenorphine pose a special risk to children, especially toddlers. Buprenorphine exposure in children <3 yrs old can cause significant opioid toxidrome. Naloxone is an effective agent for reversal of symptoms; however, given buprenorphine's high affinity and long action, higher doses or continuous infusion may be required. Adults on buprenorphine should be educated on the risks posed to young children in their household and the appropriate storage of medication.