Pediatr Crit Care Me
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Jul 2003
Bradykinin and histamine generation with generalized enhancement of microvascular permeability in neonates, infants, and children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.
To investigate whether generation and liberation of bradykinin and histamine contribute to generalized edema formation in pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. ⋯ Bradykinin seems to be essentially involved in the enhancement of microvascular permeability in pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, although a dominant causal role cannot be claimed by this study. Histamine, however, doesn't appear to play a major role and may only contribute as a cofactor. To what extent an increased expression of bradykinin-1 and bradykinin-2 receptors or a reduced potential of bradykinin-degrading enzymes is involved is the object of a further clinical study.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Jul 2003
Comparative StudyPrimary use of the venovenous approach for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in pediatric acute respiratory failure.
To describe a single center's experience with the primary use of venovenous cannulation for supporting pediatric acute respiratory failure patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). ⋯ Venovenous ECMO can effectively provide adequate oxygenation for pediatric patients with severe acute respiratory failure receiving ECMO support. Additional cannulae placed at the initiation of venovenous ECMO could be beneficial in achieving flow rates necessary for adequate oxygenation and lung rest.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Jul 2003
Case Reports Comparative StudyNeurogenic pulmonary edema in enterovirus 71 encephalitis is not uniformly fatal but causes severe morbidity in survivors.
During the Australian summer of 2000/2001, there was an outbreak of enterovirus 71 infection in Sydney. Between December 2000 and May 2001, approximately 200 children presented to Sydney Children's Hospital with hand-foot-and-mouth disease and 18 experienced neurologic complications. Four presented with acute invasive central nervous system disease and severe pulmonary edema. ⋯ All four survived the acute stage of the illness. However, all four have been left with significant debilitating morbidity. Epidemic enterovirus 71 brainstem encephalitis presenting as neurogenic pulmonary edema can be successfully managed in the pediatric intensive care unit but has great potential to yield a large number of handicapped toddlers and become "the poliomyelitis of the 21st century."