Pediatr Crit Care Me
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Apr 2003
Correction factors for oxygen and flow-rate effects on neonatal Fleisch and Lilly pneumotachometers.
To assess the effects of different oxygen concentrations and flow rates on the measurement errors of neonatal pneumotachometers in heated and unheated situations and to develop correction factors to correct for these effects. ⋯ The effects of changes in oxygen concentrations and flow rates on neonatal pneumotachometers could be considerably decreased by the use of correction factors such as were calculated in this study. This will preclude frequent calibration procedures with actual flow and oxygen levels during changes in experimental settings.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Apr 2003
Case ReportsTreatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia-induced extreme hypercalcemia with pamidronate and calcitonin.
To describe extreme hypercalcemia as the presenting feature of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in an 8-yr-old girl and the combined use of pamidronate and calcitonin for its treatment. ⋯ Extreme hypercalcemia can be a presenting feature of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, but it may not result in life-threatening organ dysfunction. Combined treatment with pamidronate and calcitonin should be considered for treating hypercalcemia that does not respond to conventional therapy with hydration and furosemide.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Jan 2003
Nosocomial urinary tract infections in children in a pediatric intensive care unit: a follow-up after 10 years.
To define nosocomial urinary tract infection (NUTI) rates in a pediatric intensive care unit, and determine whether practice recommendations have been sustained after 10 yrs. ⋯ NUTIs in children in our pediatric intensive care unit were associated with previous cardiovascular surgery and with urinary tract catheterization of at least 3 days. The need for careful fluid monitoring by catheterization must be balanced against the increased risk of catheter-related urinary tract infection. Removal of urinary catheters at the earliest opportunity will prevent many infections. Ongoing education or innovative strategies will be required to sustain optimal practice.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Jan 2003
ReviewInnovative practices of ventilatory support with pediatric patients.
The recognition that alveolar overdistension rather than peak inspiratory airway pressure is the primary determinant of lung injury has shifted our understanding of the pathogenesis of ventilator-induced side effects. In this review, contemporary ventilatory methods, supportive treatments, and future developments relevant to pediatric critical care are reviewed. ⋯ The methods proposed require confirmation through large controlled clinical trials that can assess the efficacy reported in pilot studies and case reports and define the optimal method(s) to treat individual pathologies in the various pediatric age groups.