Rev Epidemiol Sante
-
The objective of the study is to estimate the prevalence of dementia using the data of the Paquid cohort. A sample of 3,149 subjects aged 65 years and older living at home or in institution was randomly chosen in Gironde (France). A questionnaire and psychometric tests were used to evaluate cognitive functioning and the presence of dementia was assessed through DSM III Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental disorders (ed. ⋯ The prevalence increased with age with nearly a doubling every 5 years of age. In institution, dementia frequency remained stable. The relative risk of a demented subject to be institutionalized with regard to a non demented subject decreased with age.
-
The relation between socio-demographic factors, general lifestyle habits, smoking-related variables and rates for stopping cigarette smoking was evaluated using data from the 1983 Italian National Health Survey, on the basis of a sample of 19,472 males (15,473 current and 3,999 ex-smokers) and 7,371 females (6,707 current and 664 ex-smokers), representative of the whole Italian population of smokers. Overall rates for stopping (20.5% for males and 9.0% for females) were substantially lower than those observed over comparable calendar periods in other western countries. Besides age, and after allowance for it, stopping smoking was positively associated with higher education and socio-economic status, greater body mass index and the presence of smoking-related symptoms or diseases. ⋯ There was an U-shaped relation between average number of cigarettes per day and stopping smoking, since rates were lower for intermediate (15 to 24 cigarettes per day) smokers, and elevated both for light and heavy smokers, probably reflecting a lower degree of addiction and a greater prevalence of smoking-related disorders, respectively. The effect of most factors was independent, and these associations with quitting rate ratios were still evident after simultaneous allowance by means of multiple logistic regression. The existence of smoking related diseases or symptoms was the most frequent reason for quitting (50.7%); 30.3% reported to have stopped because of knowledge of the health consequences of smoking, 1.3% for economic reasons and 17.6% for other or undefined reasons.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
-
Rev Epidemiol Sante · Jan 1987
[Relation between the level of the development of the care system and the level of "preventable" mortality according to department in France].
"Avoidable" mortality may be defined as a selection of causes of death whose occurrence is closely related to medical intervention. We have attempted to relate the variations in mortality from these selected causes to health service input among the 95 French departments. This analysis was controlled for social factors. ⋯ The data show principally the considerable weight of social factors in explaining mortality differences. On the contrary, we found very weak relationships between health service input and mortality. However in view of the analysis method, it would appear unjustified to interpret this result in terms of a criticism of the "avoidable" mortality concept.
-
Analysis of problems related to the classification of perinatal mortality was made possible through the evaluation of data collected from the medical records of nine maternity hospitals in South-Hainaut. Medical records of 135 fetal and early neonatal deaths were investigated. Perinatal mortality statistics were compiled on the basis of five different definitions of perinatal mortality. ⋯ This study shows that reporting of perinatal mortality in hospital registries according to the legal requirement is incomplete. Standard data should be collected for each pregnancy product, on the basis of clearly defined, national and international accepted definitions. It is suggested that the 1975 recommendations of the World Health Organization (International Classification of Diseases, 9th edition), be used for definition and classification of perinatal mortality.