Ann Indian Acad Neur
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Ann Indian Acad Neur · Jan 2014
Acute confusional state/delirium: An etiological and prognostic evaluation.
Acute confusional state/delirium is a frequent cause of hospital admission, in the elderly. It is characterized by an acute fluctuating impairment of cognitive functions and inattention. Recognition and prompt treatment is crucial to decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with it. ⋯ Patients, in whom a cause was found out, had better prognosis in terms of lesser mortality and the duration of hospital stay.
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Vertebral hemangiomas are benign vascular tumors of the spine that remain asymptomatic in most cases and incidentally encountered on imaging. Rarely, altered hemodynamic and hormonal changes during pregnancy may expand these benign lesions resulting in severe cord compression. The management of symptomatic vertebral hemangioma during pregnancy is controversial as modalities like radiotherapy and embolization are not suitable and surgery during pregnancy has a risk of preterm labor. ⋯ There was significant improvement in muscle power after a week of surgery. Six weeks postoperatively she delivered a full term normal baby with subsequent improvement of neurologic deficit. Repeat MRI of dorsal spine performed at 3 months postoperatively showed reduced posterior and anterior epidural components of vertebral hemangioma.
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Ann Indian Acad Neur · Jan 2014
Rare ocular manifestation in a case of West Nile virus meningoencephalitis.
West Nile Virus (WNV) is an arthropod-borne flavivirus, which causes flu-like illness and is sporadically associated with encephalitis. Transmission to humans occurs following a bite from an infected mosquito, which acquires the virus after feeding on dead birds. ⋯ We present the first case report of WNV meningoencephalitis, with rare ocular manifestations of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, bilateral subconjunctival hemorrhages, and nystagmus. The rare ocular findings of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, bilateral subconjunctival hemorrhages, and nystagmus diagnosed in our case can guide clinicians toward early diagnosis of WNV meningoencephalitis, while serologic testing is still pending.
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Ann Indian Acad Neur · Jan 2014
Efficacy and safety of methylcobalamin, alpha lipoic acid and pregabalin combination versus pregabalin monotherapy in improving pain and nerve conduction velocity in type 2 diabetes associated impaired peripheral neuropathic condition. [MAINTAIN]: Results of a pilot study.
To assess whether methylcobalamin and alpha lipoic acid (ALA) added to pregabalin provide additional benefit compared to pregabalin alone in type 2 diabetes mellitus associated peripheral neuropathy. ⋯ Methylcobalamine, ALA and pregabalin combination provides pain relief and improves sleep interference. Addition of methylcobalamin and ALA to pregabalin improves the nerve function. Due to small sample size, most of the efficacy parameters could not reach significant difference between groups; hence benefit of the 3-drug-combimation should be interpreted with reservation.
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Ann Indian Acad Neur · Jan 2014
A clinical and radiological profile of neuromyelitis optica and spectrum disorders in an Indian cohort.
There is insufficient data on the clinical and radiological features of neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) from India. ⋯ NMO and NMOSD patients in this cohort have comparable ARR regardless of clinical presentation, supporting the emerging trend of treating all patients with immunotherapeutic agents at an early stage. Varied presentations seen in NMO and NMOSD highlight the need for a high index of suspicion for NMO in demyelinating episodes not classical for MS.