Mikrobiyol Bul
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Case Reports
[Urogenital Myiasis Caused by Psychoda spp. in Female Patient with No Risk Factor for Myiasis].
Myiasis is defined as follows; some flies lay their eggs and larvae on live organs and tissues or on cavities of nose, eye, ear and etc of humans or animals and the larvae develop there and cause pathological disorders. One of the rare types of myiasis is the urogenital myiasis. This condition has been associated with covering urogenital area with clothes in almost all populations and therefore, less chance for flies to reach this site and lay their eggs. ⋯ In conclusion, many regions are suitable for Psychoda type of adult flies to live in our country due to the climate conditions. It is considered that infestation may develop in patients with less risk factors in terms of urogenital myiasis, that larvae may increase in number of patients who are not treated or followed up and that the infestation may become chronic and results in more serious clinical conditions. The necessary treatment and follow-up must be performed in such cases and the patients should be educated about the relationship between infestation and hygiene.
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Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of bacterial meningitis in children. It can progress and carries a serious risk of mortality and morbidity despite effective treatment. Cochlear implantation is a fairly successful procedure for restoring hearing in cases of sensorineural hearing loss. ⋯ To our knowledge, this is the first case of meningitis reported in our country associated with S.pneumoniae serotype 24B in a patient with a cochlear implant. While there has been a decrease in the prevalence of invasive pneumococcal disease with routine administration of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, a relative increase has been observed in its non-vaccine serotypes. This is relevant not only to patients with more risk factors, such as a cochlear implant, but also those who are at lower risk for pneumococcal infection.
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Malaria caused by Plasmodium species continues to affect the half of the world population. According to the World Health Organization 2017 data, 445.000 cases of malaria and 219 million cases of new clinical malaria cases were reported during the year. African continent is the geographical region where the disease is most frequent. ⋯ It is also known that it is difficult to distinguish a true recurrence in cases of relapses that can occur after a long time from primer infection. The best way to overcome this difficulty is to assume being in a malaria endemic area or not between primary infection and recurrence. We think that the applications that are carried out together with the microscope and molecular studies, especially in cases where there is relapses in which low parasitemia or travel story are insufficient, are extremely important both in terms of diagnosis and accurate identification of species and in the selection of treatment.
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Empiric treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics exerts condensed pressure in intensive care units (ICUs) for the selection of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria became the focus of interest owing to limited treatment options and negative effects on patient survival. Cumulative antibiograms can guide selection of correct empiric treatment, de-escalation treatment according to antibiogram results and development of policies in fight against antibiotic resistance. ⋯ Similarly colistin is the first choice in empiric treatment of infecitons due to non-enteric bacilli. However, the heterogeneity of the susceptibility profile observed in the hospitals, which are geographically close to each other, indicated the difference in the flora of the intensive care unit of hospitals. It would be appropriate to prepare cumulative antibiogram reports similar to those in the present study, to prevent complications, reduce costs and improve patient prognosis in the intensive care units of hospitals and these reports should become part of the infection control policies applied in hospitals.
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Multicenter Study
[Investigation of bacterial and viral etiology in community acquired central nervous system infections with molecular methods].
In this multicenter prospective cohort study, it was aimed to evaluate the bacterial and viral etiology in community-acquired central nervous system infections by standart bacteriological culture and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. Patients hospitalized with central nervous system infections between April 2012 and February 2014 were enrolled in the study. Demographic and clinical information of the patients were collected prospectively. ⋯ These data suggest that multiplex PCR methods may increase the isolation rate of pathogens in central nervous system infections. Existence of mixed pathogen growth is remarkable in our study. Further studies are needed for the clinical relevance of this result.