Minerva medica
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In asymptomatic patients presenting with significant internal carotid artery (ICA) stenoses undergoing endovascular revascularization, a selective angiography before stenting (CAS) is required. Sometimes, angiographic findings could be discordant from non-invasive assessment and a tool able to evaluate functional relevance of the stenosis could be of value. We sought to evaluate the usefulness of quantitative flow ratio (QFR) as angiography-based tool for functional assessment of ICA stenoses. ⋯ This study suggest the potential benefit of adopting QFR for functional assessment of extracranial ICA stenoses. These data should be validated in larger studies.
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The diagnosis and management of small bowel bleeding (SBB) can be a clinical challenge. Advances in video capsule endoscopy, balloon-assisted enteroscopy, and multiphasic computed tomography allow for localization and therapeutic intervention. Etiologies of SBB including vascular, neoplastic, and inflammatory conditions are associated with age and comorbidities. The present review highlights terminologies that describe SBB, provides a differential diagnosis for bleeding etiologies, and summarizes a clinical approach to managing this condition.