Minerva pediatrica
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Case Reports
Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation. Different clinical expressiveness. Three case reports.
The vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation (VGAM) is a rare cerebro-vascular disorder in neonates. It is characterized by an abnormal direct communication between one or several cerebral arteries and the vein of Galen. ⋯ Two of them were treated successfully with endovascular embolization. It was not possible to provide the same treatment to the third patient for an intractable congestive heart failure already existing when VGAM was diagnosed.
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The case of a 3-year-old female with an atypical presentation of foreign body aspiration is described. Resistance to the therapy, mild radiological signs and a high index of suspicion of the clinician could lead to the right diagnosis.
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The authors evaluate the use of data supplied by common systems used to calculate respiratory mechanics in newborns in order to analyse the impact on the management of patients requiring assisted ventilation. Over the past few years, the sale of respiratory monitors that are easier to use and less complicated to manage, as well as being less expensive, has meant that nearly every Neonatal ICU can now determine, in real time, both the causes of respiratory insufficiency and the conditions of the newborn lung during mechanical ventilation to ensure improved adaptation of ventilatory support. ⋯ The experience described concerns the impression of clinicians, skilled in the management of patients receiving conventional artificial ventilation but not so attracted by respiratory physiopathology, regarding the value of such instruments. The unanimous positive opinion confirms the thesis whereby respiratory monitoring can certainly help the neonatologist make a real time evaluation of both the causes leading to respiratory failure and the effect on the lung of any therapeutic decisions.
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Review Comparative Study
[Microcytosis. A hematological characteristic common to diverse diseases].
The pathological conditions characterized by microcytosis are reviewed and their pathophysiological mechanisms also at the molecular level are described. Moreover clinical, haematological and laboratory findings for differential diagnosis are discussed. Finally, the most efficacious schedules for the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia are reported.