Ann Acad Med Singap
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Although severe acute respiratory failure is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, this viral infection leads to cardiovascular disease in some individuals. Cardiac effects of the virus include myocarditis, pericarditis, arrhythmias, coronary aneurysms and cardiomyopathy, and can result in cardiogenic shock and multisystem organ failure. ⋯ Cardiovascular disease is a striking feature of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Most infants, children and adolescents with COVID-19 cardiac disease fully recover with no lasting cardiac dysfunction. However, long-term studies and further research are needed to assess cardiovascular risk with variants of SARS-CoV-2 and to understand the pathophysiology of cardiac dysfunction with COVID-19.
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Ann Acad Med Singap · Oct 2023
Thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics are associated with improved cardiovascular and renal outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Hypervolemia is a prevalent comorbidity of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Thiazide diuretics (THZ) are the most common treatment for volume overload and hypertension (HTN). This study examines the association between THZ usage and clinical outcomes among CKD patients in a nationwide cohort. ⋯ THZ usage is associated with lower mortality and incidence of ESRD, AMI, PAOD, and stroke s in patients with CKD stages 3 and 4.
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Ann Acad Med Singap · Oct 2023
Observational StudyAssociation of quality-of-care indicators with asthma outcomes: A retrospective observational study for asthma care in Singapore.
Asthma guidelines have advocated for the use of quality-of-care indicators (QCIs) in asthma management. To improve asthma care, it is important to identify effective QCIs that are actionable. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the presence of 3 QCIs: asthma education, Asthma Control Test (ACT) and spirometry testing on the time to severe exacerbation (TTSE). ⋯ Our study suggests that the perfor-mance of asthma education and ACT was associated with increased TTSE and decreased number of exacerbations, underscoring the importance of ensuring quality care in clinical practice.
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Ann Acad Med Singap · Oct 2023
Long COVID prevalence, risk factors and impact of vaccination in the paediatric population: A survey study in Singapore.
Information on the quality of health of children and younger persons (CYPs) after SARS-COV-2 infection remains scarce, especially from Asia. In this study, we utilised an online survey to investigate Long COVID prevalence in CYPs in Singapore. ⋯ About 1 in 6 CYPs in Singapore developed Long COVID with persistence of 1 or more symptoms ≥3 months post-infection, and approximately half will recover by 6 months. Male gender was associated with higher odds of Long COVID, and vaccination could potentially be protective against Long COVID in CYPs.