Arch Iran Med
-
Clostridium tetani is an anaerobic, gram-positive bacillus that causes tetanus infection. It usually enters the body through injury with contaminated objects. Tetanus differs from other diseases that can be prevented by vaccination in that it is not contagious and does not spread from person to person. The aim of this study is to evaluate the levels of Tetanus IgG in trauma patients admitted to the emergency department (ED). ⋯ Measurements of Tetanus IgG levels should be performed as far as possible in the ED. In this way, unnecessary vaccination can be avoided.
-
Under-five mortality is considered an indicator of population well-being and health equality in societies. Under-five mortality caused by nutritional deficiencies is a public health concern in developing countries. In this study, we aimed to report the trend and mortality rate of nutritional deficiencies from 1995 to 2015 in children aged under five years. ⋯ The results show a substantial reduction in terms of mortality caused by nutritional deficiencies at national, as well as provincial, level among children under-five years of age.
-
Clozapine is known as one of the atypical antipsychotics which is placed in the second line of medical treatment for schizophrenia due to its hematologic complications. It is used in cases of resistance to treatment. Some side effects of clozapine include leukopenia, granulocytopenia, fever, hepatotoxicity, sedation, dizziness, hypotension, weight gain, constipation, and seizure. ⋯ The symptoms were attenuated within eight days after discontinuation of clozapine. Moreover, the patient's para-clinical complications including neutropenia, and raised transaminases and bilirubin returned to normal. It was concluded that clozapine can simultaneously cause neutropenia and hepatotoxicity; physicians are recommended to be aware of this issue to prevent mortality through appropriate and timely diagnosis.
-
Negative life events (NLEs) and early marriage (EM), a worldwide social silent problem, are increasing in prevalence globally. Evidence is lacking regarding their impact on depression. We assessed the impact of EM and NLEs on depression among adolescents, young adults and adults in Iran. ⋯ Life skills improving program with intersectoral collaborative care to reduce determinants of EM and NLEs in the community, as well as training and screening for depression among adolescents and adulthood are necessary.
-
Preventing violence is important especially in the Middle East, where many countries are struggling with violence. Knowing the affecting factors could help public policy makers to decrease violence level. Thus, this study is aimed to analyze health and other socio-economic factors that could affect interpersonal violence in middle eastern countries. ⋯ Life expectancy as a proxy for health is one of the main predictors of interpersonal violence, as literature supports. That is, if a society is healthier, the burden of interpersonal violence will be lower. Thus, health policy makers should consider health status as a preventive factor of violence, which is stated in health as a bridge for peace by the world health organization.