Arch Iran Med
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Due to advances in surgical procedure, anesthesia techniques, blood transfusion and antibiotic therapy, the technique of cesarean section has been progressing over the time. However, cesarean section is still a risk-specific operation, with long-term and shortterm consequences for the mother and neonate. The rate of cesarean surgery is constantly growing due to both justifiable and nonjustifiable medical and non-medical reasons. ⋯ The results show that there is still a high prevalence of C-section. In Iran, the highest rate of cesarean was in Tehran province (62.1%-72.1%) and the lowest was in Sistan and Baluchestan province (12%). It appears necessary to plan for effective interventions in terms of painless vaginal delivery, improving the quality of vaginal delivery services, proper culture and education.
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The burden of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing worldwide, especially in countries such as Iran. Modifiable correlates of the DM may be different across regions. We aimed to estimate the population-based prevalence of DM and its correlates among adults in southern Iran. ⋯ Higher prevalence of modifiable factors such as physical inactivity and obesity among DM patients in the study population highlights the necessity of more effective preventive interventions in such settings, especially in younger ages.
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Biography Historical Article
Louis-Pierre Delpy: A French Scholar and Former Director of the Razi Institute of Iran (1931-1951).
Delpy came to Iran as the third director of the Hesarak Vaccine and Serum Institute (Razi) in 1931 and revolutionized the institute by performing diagnostic and vaccine-producing techniques for 20 years. Dr. Delpy, as a veterinary microbiologist, was employed partly to control the outbreaks of rinderpest, but he did more important and lasting work in controlling other infectious and parasitic diseases, production of serums and vaccines, and developing tick taxonomy in Iran. Delpy was a very modest scientist who died in 1974 in France.
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Meta Analysis
Prolonged versus Intermittent Infusion of Antibiotics in Acute and Severe Infections: A Meta-analysis.
Acute and severe infections are an absolute indication for the use of intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics. However, previous studies have found inconsistent clinical advantages of prolonged (extended [≥3-hour infusion] or continuous [24-hour fixed rate infusion]) over intermittent (6, or 8, or 12 interval hours infusion) infusion. The clinical superiority between prolonged and intermittent infusion in treating acute and severe infections thus continues to be elusive. We conducted a meta-analysis to summarize all published randomized controlled trials (RCTs), prospective and retrospective observational studies to determine whether prolonged infusion, compared to intermittent infusion, is correlated with lower mortality and better clinical outcome. ⋯ Better outcomes in hospitalized patients, especially in those who were critical ill, were reported in prolonged infusion of intravenous antibiotics compared with traditional intermittent infusion.
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Blood-borne infections are life-threatening challenges among prisoners. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of these infections and related risk behaviors among male prisoners. This cross-sectional study was performed on 1,034 voluntarily enrolled male prisoners in several prisons of Kermanshah province, Iran. ⋯ There was also a positive association between HCVAb+ and age, region, age at the time of first substance use, and history of intravenous drug use and camp residency, as well as heterosexual relationships. HIV infection was also significantly associated with history of intravenous drug use and homosexual relationships. Although HBV infection was shown to be lower in Kermanshah than other parts of the country, a higher prevalence was found for HCV and HIV infections in this province.