Arch Iran Med
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In developing countries like Iran, the burden of obesity increases through comorbid diseases. We estimated the mean body mass index (BMI) and prevalence of overweight/obesity by components of sex, age, province, and year in Iran from 1990 to 2016. ⋯ Considering the increasing trends of BMI, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) seem far out of reach. We need to call for action, aiming for both weight loss strategies and controlling the comorbidities that mediate high BMI risk.
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Neurodevelopmental and intellectual impairments are extremely heterogeneous disorders caused by a diverse variety of genes involved in different molecular pathways and networks. Genetic alterations in cilia, highly-conserved organelles with sensorineural and signal transduction roles can compromise their proper functions and lead to so-called "ciliopathies" featuring intellectual disability (ID) or neurodevelopmental disorders as frequent clinical manifestations. Here, we report several Iranian families affected with ID and other ciliopathy-associated features carrying known and novel variants in two ciliary genes; CEP104 and CEP290. ⋯ We emphasize on the clinical variability and pleiotropic phenotypes due to variants of these genes. In conclusion, our findings support the pivotal role of these genes resulting in cognitive and neurodevelopmental features.
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To investigate the incidence of nodular and diffuse adenomyosis, concomitant pathologies and also to compare the demographic and clinic differences among patients with adenomyosis and their surgery indications. ⋯ The most common form of adenomyosis was the diffuse form. Endometrial pathologies were more frequently associated with diffuse adenomyosis. Asymptomatic and incidental adenomyosis were more common with the diffuse form. AUB was more frequently detected with nodular adenomyosis.
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The WHO and UNICEF have suggested pasteurized donor milk (PDM) as the best alternative for infants who do not receive enough milk from their mothers. Objective: This study aimed to assess the short-term outcomes of launching the first mother's milk bank in North-West of Iran. ⋯ Launching the human milk bank significantly improved the outcomes of premature infants.
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To evaluate ultrasound (US) characteristics and BI-RADS (Breast imaging-reporting and data system) of malignant breast masses in women <40 years and to compare with older patients. ⋯ Similar to previous studies, malignant masses were diagnosed in greater dimensions in younger cases which may be due to the delay in diagnosis, the rapid growth of the tumor and the absence of routine screening guidelines. Radiologists should be aware of the possibility of malignancy in palpable slightly suspicious masses (BI-RADS 4A) in young cases.