Bmc Med
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Previous studies have reported that maternal smoking during pregnancy and breastfeeding may affect the occurrence of hypertension, but whether early life factors modify the impact of the offspring's genetic risk on hypertension is still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships among maternal smoking and breastfeeding with adult-onset hypertension and the modified impact of offspring genetic susceptibility. ⋯ Maternal smoking and nonbreastfeeding were associated with a higher risk of hypertension in adulthood and may attenuate the risk of hypertension related to genetic factors. These results suggested that adherence to nonmaternal smoking and breastfeeding was associated with a lower risk of hypertension among participants with all gradients of genetic risk.
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Diagnostic testing has been pivotal in detecting SARS-CoV-2 infections and reducing transmission through the isolation of positive cases. We quantified the value of implementing frequent, rapid antigen (RA) testing in the workplace to identify screening programs that are cost-effective. ⋯ Our findings indicate that frequent RA testing starting very early in a surge, without a confirmatory test, is a preferred screening program for the detection of asymptomatic infections in workplaces.
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Supporting decisions for patients who present to the emergency department (ED) with COVID-19 requires accurate prognostication. We aimed to evaluate prognostic models for predicting outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, in different locations and across time. ⋯ NOCOS performed moderately worse than COPE, probably reflecting unique aspects of the early pandemic in NYC. Frequent updating of prognostic models is likely to be required for transportability over time and space during a dynamic pandemic.
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Glucose metabolism has been reported to be affected by dietary patterns, while the underlying mechanisms involved remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential mediation role of circulating metabolites in relation to dietary patterns for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. ⋯ In summary, this study suggests that adherence to a healthy dietary pattern (i.e. MED, DASH, or DHD) could affect the GMS through circulating metabolites, which provides novel insights into understanding the biological mechanisms of diet on glucose metabolism and leads to facilitating prevention strategy for type 2 diabetes.
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Previous studies suggested that moderate coffee and tea consumption are associated with lower risk of mortality. However, the association between the combination of coffee and tea consumption with the risk of mortality remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the separate and combined associations of coffee and tea consumption with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. ⋯ In this large prospective study, separate and combined coffee and tea consumption were inversely associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality.