Bmc Med
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Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most prevalent valvular disease and has high morbidity and mortality. CAVD is characterized by complex pathophysiological processes, including inflammation-induced osteoblastic differentiation in aortic valve interstitial cells (AVICs). Novel anti-CAVD agents are urgently needed. Protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 22 (PTPN22), an intracellular nonreceptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase, is involved in several chronic inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes. However, it is unclear whether PTPN22 is involved in the pathogenesis of CAVD. ⋯ PTPN22 plays an essential role in the progression of CAVD, and inhibition of PTPN22 with S18 is a novel option for the further development of potent anti-CAVD drugs. Therapeutic inhibition of PTPN22 retards aortic valve calcification through modulating mitochondrial dysfunction in AVICs.
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Cannabis consumption by pregnant women continues to increase worldwide, raising concerns about adverse effects on fetal growth and deleterious impacts on the newborn, in connection with evidence of placental transfer of cannabis compound. Cannabis action is mediated by the endocannabinoid system (ECS), which expression is well established in the brain but unknown in the developing testis. The fetal testis, whose endocrine function orchestrates the masculinization of many distant organs, is particularly sensitive to disruption by xenobiotics. In this context, we aimed to determine whether cannabis exposure has the potential to directly impact the human fetal testis. ⋯ Our study is the first to evidence the presence of the ECS in the human fetal testis and to highlight the potential adverse effect of cannabis consumption by pregnant women onto the development of the male gonad.
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Providing informal care for a person with Parkinson's disease (PD) can be a demanding process affecting several dimensions of a caregiver's life and potentially causing caregiver burden. Despite the emerging literature on caregiver burden in people with PD, little is known about the inter-relationship between quantitative and qualitative findings. Filling this knowledge gap will provide a more holistic approach to develop and design innovations aiming at reducing or even preventing caregiver burden. This study aimed to characterize the determinants of caregiver burden among informal caregivers of persons with PD, in order to facilitate the development of tailored interventions that reduce caregiver burden. ⋯ The burden experienced by informal caregivers of persons with PD is determined by a complex interplay of patient-related, caregiver-related and interpersonal characteristics. Our study highlights the utility of a mixed-methods approach to unravel the multidimensional burden experienced by informal caregivers of persons with chronic disease. We also offer starting points for the development of a tailored supportive approach for caregivers.
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A dietary pattern (DP) may impact on cancer incidence more strongly than individual foods, but this association remains uncertain. Here, we aimed to broadly explore the associations of an obesity-related DP with overall and 19 site-specific cancers. ⋯ The developed obesity-related DP is strongly associated with overall and multiple cancer sites. Our findings highlight the complicated and diverse associations between an obesity-related DP and cancers and provide clues for future research directions.
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This study aimed to determine whether primary parathyroid cancer patients were associated with increased metabolic and cardiovascular comorbidities in comparison to the general population. ⋯ An increased risk of metabolic and cardiac comorbidities among parathyroid cancer patients required great caution.