Bmc Med
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The benefit of inhibitory control training for insomnia with short sleep duration phenotype: a pilot randomized trial.
Two phenotypes of insomnia disorder (ID) have been identified based on objective total sleep duration (TST): one with short sleep duration (ISSD) and another with normal sleep duration (INSD). Recent proposals suggested that insomnia with objective short-sleep duration (TST < 7 h) is associated with impaired inhibitory function, leading to a dysregulation of cortical inhibition, which may underlie its prevalence. This study investigated the status of impaired response inhibition in these two phenotypes and examined the potential different effect of response inhibition training on these two phenotypes. ⋯ Impaired response inhibition is a characteristic of ISSD, potentially indicating dysfunctional cortical inhibition, whereas INSD pathogenesis may be related to cognitive-emotional arousal. Response inhibition training effectively alleviates sleep problems in ISSD. These findings provide new insights for developing precise intervention strategies in ID.
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The overall effect of long-term variability in physiological measures on cardiovascular health of older adults and the underlying mechanic pathway remain uncertain. ⋯ Long-term variability in physiological measures was associated with increased incident risks of heart disease and stroke, and the associations were partially mediated through deteriorated biomarkers of muscle strength, hyperglycemia, and kidney function.
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Pregnancy is a complex biological process and serious complications can arise when the delicate balance between the maternal and semi-allogeneic fetal immune systems is disrupted or challenged. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), pre-eclampsia, preterm birth, and low birth weight pose serious threats to maternal and fetal health. Identification of early biomarkers through an in-depth understanding of molecular mechanisms is critical for early intervention. ⋯ Our study provides novel insights into the interplay between preexisting conditions and immune dysregulation in pregnancy. These findings contribute to our understanding of the pathophysiology of obstetric complications and the identification of novel biomarkers for early intervention(s) to improve maternal and fetal health.
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Limited epidemiological evidence exists regarding the role of healthy eating patterns in reducing the risk of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). This study aimed to investigate the association between adherence to four established healthy eating patterns and subsequent CD or UC risk, and further examined whether these associations are linked to anti-inflammatory mechanisms. ⋯ Higher adherence to AMED and HEI-2015 might significantly reduce CD risk, partly due to their anti-inflammatory properties.
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High levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are previously considered protective against cardiovascular diseases (CVD), but recent studies suggest an increased risk of adverse events at very high HDL-C levels in the general population. It remains to be elucidated such a relationship in diabetes, a condition with high cardiovascular risks. We examined the association of HDL-C levels with the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality in type 2 diabetes. ⋯ Our study demonstrated a U-shaped association between HDL-C levels and incident MACEs and all-cause and non-cardiovascular mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes, highlighting the need for mechanistic studies on the adverse outcomes seen at high HDL-C levels in type 2 diabetes.