Bmc Med
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Maternal stress is a potential factor affecting fetal growth, but it is unknown whether it directly affects fetal growth restriction. This study aims to investigate the association between pre-pregnancy maternal stress with small for gestational age (SGA). ⋯ Pre-pregnancy maternal stress was positively associated with an increased risk of SGA in offspring. Individuals with lower socio-economic status were more likely to experience pre-pregnancy maternal stress related to life and economic factors, which in turn contributed to a higher risk of SGA.
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Obesity particularly during childhood is considered a global public health crisis and has been linked with later life health consequences including mental health. However, there is lack of causal understanding if childhood body size has a direct effect on mental health or has an indirect effect after accounting for adulthood body size. ⋯ Higher body size in adulthood may increase the risk of anxiety and depression, independent of childhood higher body size. In contrast, higher childhood body size does not appear to be a risk factor for later life anxiety and depression.
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Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) comprises 85% of cases with rising incidence among never-smokers (NS). This study seeks to compare clinical, imaging, pathology, and outcomes between NS and ever-smokers (S) NSCLC patients to identify significant differences if any. ⋯ CT nodule features were similar in NS and S. NS more often had metastatic adenopathy, distant metastases, and stage IV disease at initial biopsy. Despite similar 12-month progression-free survival and 1-year all-cause mortality, S had nearly double the risk of mortality in the first 5 and 10 years post-diagnosis.