Bmc Med
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Multicenter Study
Prospective validation study: a non-invasive circulating tumor DNA-based assay for simultaneous early detection of multiple cancers in asymptomatic adults.
Non-invasive multi-cancer early detection (MCED) tests have shown promise in enhancing early cancer detection. However, their clinical utility across diverse populations remains underexplored, limiting their routine implementation. This study aims to validate the clinical utility of a multimodal non-invasive circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)-based MCED test, SPOT-MAS (Screening for the Presence Of Tumor by DNA Methylation And Size). ⋯ This study presents a prospective validation of a multi-cancer early detection (MCED) test conducted in a lower middle-income country, demonstrating the potential of SPOT-MAS for early cancer detection. Our findings indicate that MCED tests could be valuable additions to national cancer screening programs, particularly in regions where such initiatives are currently limited.
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Women who experience adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs; gestational hypertension, preeclampsia (PE), gestational diabetes (GD), preterm birth (PTB), small or large for gestational age, miscarriage, multiple miscarriages, stillbirth, and offspring with major congenital anomalies) have increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to compare cardiometabolic health trajectories across the life course between women with and without APOs. ⋯ Women with APOs had adverse cardiometabolic profiles before first pregnancy, persisting up to 15 years post-pregnancy. Findings highlight the potential for targeted public health interventions to promote good cardiometabolic health in young adults transitioning from contraceptive use to planning pregnancies. APOs may identify young women who could benefit from monitoring CVD risk factors and interventions to improve cardiometabolic health.
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Cryoablation plays a key role in the comprehensive management of lung adenocarcinoma, characterized by its ability to activate antitumor immunity. This study aimed to explore the impact of cryoablation on the local immune microenvironment, focusing on regulatory T cells (Tregs) and the TGF-β pathway. ⋯ This study revealed the effective modification of the lung adenocarcinoma microenvironment by cryoablation through the suppression of Tregs and activation of antitumor immunity via the TGF-β pathway. These findings hold implications for optimizing cryoablation-based therapies and guiding future clinical trials on lung adenocarcinoma treatment.
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Review Meta Analysis
Tear-fluid-derived biomarkers of ocular complications in diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Early identification and management of sight-threatening ocular complications of diabetes using imaging or molecular biomarkers could help prevent vision loss. However, access to specialized infrastructure and expertise is limited, especially in remote areas of the world. Tear-fluid may offer an easier, non-invasive, and localized screenshot of ocular disease. To the best of our knowledge, there is no systematic review and meta-analysis on tear-fluid-based biomarkers for ocular complications in diabetes. ⋯ Across all biomolecules meta-analyzed in this study, TNF-α and VEGF were identified as the most important biomarkers that could potentially offer a non-invasive tear-fluid-based assessment of progression to ocular complications in diabetes, especially in rural and remote areas where diabetes-related expertise and infrastructure are limited.
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Monkeypox virus (MPXV) has emerged as a significant global health concern with outbreaks worldwide. While MPXV is primarily known for its dermatological and systemic manifestations, it can also cause central nervous system (CNS) complications. This systematic review describes the demographic, clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic characteristics of MPXV-associated CNS neuroinflammatory disorders. ⋯ MPXV-associated neuroinflammatory disorders of the CNS are rare but cause significant complications. The findings underscore the need for clinical vigilance, advanced diagnostic approaches, and targeted therapeutic strategies. Further research is essential to elucidate mechanisms underlying MPXV neurovirulence and develop effective treatments for these life-threatening conditions.