Brit J Hosp Med
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Biography Historical Article
Sir William Osler: an outstanding teacher of clinical medicine.
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Chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder is typically seen in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. It is managed primarily by renal physicians, but non-renal physicians are also likely to encounter patients undergoing treatment for this condition in both inpatient and outpatient settings so a basic understanding of the principles may be helpful. This article covers the fundamentals of the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder.
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Neurogenic heterotopic ossification is a condition whereby bone forms in an extra-skeletal site. It may occur in the context of major neurological insult involving the brain or spinal cord. It causes pain and restricts movement, most commonly at the hip joints. ⋯ This article highlights its key features to promote better awareness and recognition, by reviewing clinical findings and imaging of patients across various modalities including plain radiographs, ultrasound and computed tomography. The management of neurogenic heterotopic ossification is limited by late identification and consequently clinicians should always be aware of this potentially significant diagnosis. Recognition in the acute hospital setting before transfer to rehabilitation services may prevent further clinical sequelae including urinary tract infection and pressure ulcers.