Brit J Hosp Med
-
Aims/Background Accurate prediction of recurrence after treatment is crucial for controlling the progression and improving the prognosis of active ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. Previous studies have evaluated the therapeutic response in UC patients by assessing mucosal healing, using measures such as the Paddington International Virtual ChromoendoScopy Score (PICaSSO) and the PICaSSO Histological Remission Index (PHRI). The PHRI is effective for evaluating treatment response and disease control in UC patients, but its predictive value for short-term recurrence has not been reported in the literature. ⋯ The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of the PHRI score in predicting the recurrence of UC patients was 0.838 (95% CI: 0.760-0.916). When the optimal cut-off value was 1 point, the sensitivity and specificity were the highest, which were 89.58% and 65.58%, respectively, indicating that PHRI score had good predictive value. Conclusion The lesion extent, disease severity, endoscopic score, and PHRI score are associated with recurrence within one year in UC patients in the clinical remission stage, and the PHRI score has good predictive value.
-
Aims/Background Gangliogliomas are grade 1 glioneuronal tumors occurring predominantly in the temporal lobe, as per the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. Gangliogliomas often harbor BRAF (v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1) p. V600E hotspot mutation or other alterations leading to activation of RAS/RAF/MAPK (rat sarcoma virus oncogene/rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma/mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling pathway, which is the driver factor of this tumor. ⋯ Subsequently, salvage chemotherapy with a combination of temozolomide and irinotecan was administered, resulting in effective control of the tumor. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of ganglioglioma with anaplastic features harboring MAP2K1 mutation and homozygous deletion of CDKN2A/B. These findings may shed light on the genetic features of ganglioglioma and offers insights into potential therapeutic approaches for this rare neoplasm.
-
Aims/Background Lung cancer (LC) remains one of the most common malignant tumours worldwide, and assessment of its progression is important for ensuring better prognostic outcomes for patients. This study was designed to explore the prognostic role of certain indices, including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in patients with LC, to help clinics to better determine the prognosis of patients with LC, and to allow them to intervene in a timely manner. Methods A retrospective analysis of 116 initially diagnosed patients with LC in China from 2018 to 2020 was conducted. ⋯ Results Multivariate Cox regression demonstrated that the PNI (hazard ratio (HR): 0.513, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.288-0.917, p = 0.024), NLR (HR: 2.038, 95% CI: 1.128-3.682, p = 0.018), and tumour type (small cell lung cancer vs. non-small cell lung cancer) (HR: 2.145, 95% CI: 1.308-3.520, p = 0.003) were significantly associated with PFS. The median PFS for patients with low and high PNI was 10 and 11.5 months, respectively. Conclusion The NLR, PLR, and PNI are all significantly associated with the prognostic survival of LC patients.
-
Aims/Background Although the incidence of nephrotic syndrome (NS) following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is relatively low, it can significantly affect patients' quality of life and may even be life-threatening. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the clinical manifestations and prognosis of patients with NS after allo-HSCT, as well as to identify potential high-risk factors associated with this condition. Methods We investigated the incidence rate of NS in 1457 patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) at the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine between June 2007 and March 2020. ⋯ Conclusion After allo-HSCT, NS may manifest as a form of chronic graft-versus-host disease. CMV infection is a risk factor for developing NS. Effective management through the administration of calcium inhibitors and corticosteroids can enable long-term survival in these patients.
-
Aims/Background Patients receiving treatment in specialized cancer hospitals are particularly susceptible to multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) infections due to factors such as weakened immune systems caused by intensive treatments and prolonged hospital stays. This study aims to investigate the risk factors for MDRO infections in the cancer specialty hospital setting and to develop a corresponding risk prediction model. Methods Patients diagnosed with MDRO infections were selected for the MDRO infection group (n = 238), and those without for the non-MDRO infection group (n = 238). ⋯ The constructed nomogram prediction model for patients with MDRO infection has a C-index of 0.8640. The ROC curve results showed that the prediction model has a specificity of 0.7700, a sensitivity of 0.8800, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.8800. Conclusion This study identifies significant risk factors for MDRO infections in a cancer specialty hospital setting and offers a clinically useful prediction model, which may aid in targeted preventive measures and optimization of antibiotics usage, thereby potentially reducing the incidence and impact of these infections.