Brit J Hosp Med
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Aims/Background Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a common clinical disorder in pregnant women. Inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress play an important role in the occurrence and development of FGR. The purpose of this study was to explore the expression and significance of endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammatory response indicators in the serum of pregnant women with FGR. ⋯ Conclusion The serum levels of inflammatory markers such as TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in pregnant women with FGR were abnormally elevated, indicating severe inflammatory response. In addition, endoplasmic reticulum stress was observed in pregnant women with FGR, marked by significantly elevated levels of GRP78 and CHOP. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, GRP78 and CHOP were negatively correlated with fetal head circumference, abdominal circumference and fetal growth and development index, implying their impacts on the occurrence and development of FGR.
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Aims/Background Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, which seriously affects the health of patients. Immunotherapy is a commonly used clinical treatment for gastric cancer, but the adverse events caused by it seriously affect the prognosis of patients. Therefore, it is necessary to control and manage the disease risk of patients during immunotherapy. ⋯ No significant difference in the incidence of adverse events was detected (p > 0.05). After 6 months of follow-up, the treatment compliance of the observation group was 83.53%, which was significantly higher than that of the reference group (70.00%; p < 0.05). Conclusion The intelligent management model based on ePRO is conducive to improving the nutritional status of patients with gastric cancer during immunotherapy, as well as enhancing their quality of life and treatment compliance, making it worthy of clinical application.
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Aims/Background Few hearing loss studies have been conducted in patients with progeria, and only the possibility of low-frequency conductive hearing loss has been mentioned. The primary objective of this study is to perform a comprehensive analysis of the clinical audiological characteristics of children with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), and the secondary objective is to analyse the causes of their hearing loss and what can be done to enable them to hear as well as possible. Methods Ten children with HGPS underwent impedance audiometry (tympanogram), otoacoustic emissions, and pure-tone audiometry tests. ⋯ Otoscopic examination of those patients with abnormal hearing showed a narrowing of the external auditory canal, a thinning of the tympanic membrane, and a distorted cone of light. Further, computed tomography of one patient showed a poorly defined temporal bone morphology with scant pneumatization of the mastoid process. Conclusion Patients with HGPS differ from normally aging individuals with a predominant conductive pattern of hearing loss as opposed to sensorineural deafness, with more lower-frequency hearing impairment due to poor pneumatization of the mastoid process and the possible formation of osteophytes in the temporal bone.
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Aims/Background Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a common and aggressive form of kidney cancer, where early diagnosis is crucial for improving prognosis and treatment outcomes. Radiomics, which utilizes machine learning techniques, presents a promising approach in medical imaging for the early detection and characterization of such conditions. This study aims to explore the clinical utility of a machine-learning-based radiomics model in the early diagnosis of ccRCC. ⋯ When clinical data were combined with radiomics features in the model, the area under the curve (AUC) reached 0.969, with an optimal threshold of -2.290, and sensitivity and specificity values of 89.3% and 95.2%, respectively. The calibration curve also confirmed that the logistic regression model had high calibration accuracy and greater clinical application value. Conclusion This machine-learning-based radiomics prediction model demonstrated significant value in the early diagnosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).
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Aims/Background The association between rheumatic immune diseases and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remains elusive. The purpose of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between rheumatic immune diseases and the risk of PCOS through a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods In the assessment of exposure variables, we chose systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), polymyositis (PM), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as representative rheumatic immune diseases, while PCOS was designated as the outcome of interest. ⋯ However, no significant correlation was observed between the other two rheumatic immune diseases (PM and SLE) and the risk of developing PCOS (both p > 0.05). Conclusion This study suggests a potential causal association between RA and PCOS, while SLE and PM do not exhibit a causal association with PCOS, enhancing our comprehension of the etiological factors of PCOS and shedding light on prevention strategies for the disease. Additional research is required to elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms by which RA contributes to the progression of PCOS.