Brit J Hosp Med
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Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors inhibit the enzyme that cleaves angiotensin I to form angiotensin II. They are potent vasodilators as they decrease concentrations of angiotensin II and noradrenaline and increase concentrations of bradykinin and nitric oxide. They reduce secretion of aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone, thus reducing salt and water reabsorption by the kidney (Groban and Butterworth, 2006).
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Hypothermia, either accidental or therapeutic, is when the body's core temperature is less than 35.0°C. This article examines the pathophysiology, clinical features and management of both intentional and unintentional hypothermia with a focus on the current literature regarding treatment protocols.
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Spinal fusion has long been the standard surgical treatment for degenerative disorders of the spine, but clinical outcomes are often unpredictable. Lumbar disc replacement allows removal of the pain source while preserving motion. This article explores the role of lumbar disc replacement in the surgical management of low back pain.