Chinese Med J Peking
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Chinese Med J Peking · Jan 2014
Deaths of obstructive lung disease in the Yangpu district of Shanghai from 2003 through 2011: a multiple cause analysis.
Obstructive lung disease (OLD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma) is an important cause of death in older people. There has been no exhaustive population-based mortality study of this subject in Shanghai. The objective of this study was to use a multiple cause of death methodology in the analysis of OLD mortality trends in the Yangpu district of Shanghai, from 2003 through 2011. ⋯ Multiple cause mortality analysis provides a more accurate picture than underlying cause of total mortality attributed on death certificates to OLD. The major comorbidities associated with OLD were cardiovascular disease, cancer, and cerebrovascular disease. From 2003 to 2011, the mortality rate from OLD decreased substantially in the Yangpu district of Shanghai.
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Chinese Med J Peking · Jan 2014
Dynamic long-term microstructural and ultrastructural alterations in sensory nerves of rats of paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain.
Paclitaxel, as a first line anti-neoplastic compound, frequently produces long-term pain after tumors have been treated. Clinical manifestations are varied and non-specific. Pathology of the nervous system during the development of the neuropathic pain is unclear. Thus, early diagnosis and treatment is often unsatisfying for patients. This study aimed to promote considerate understanding of the structural alteration of sensory nerves. ⋯ Our research suggests a causal role for axonal degeneration, abnormalities in axonal mitochondria, and structural modification of axonal microtubules in paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain, and the abnormal mitochondria could be connected to the chronic neuropathic pain.
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Chinese Med J Peking · Jan 2014
Effect of fixing distal radius fracture with volar locking palmar plates while preserving pronator quadratus.
L-shaped incision of pronator quadratus (PQ) muscle along its radial and distal borders was always taken for distal radius fractures reduction and internal fixation. Repair of the PQ muscle was always recommended at the end of operation for some instructive reasons. But repair of PQ is not satisfied because of poor quality of muscle and fascial tissues which may cause pain or impede forearm pronation and supination for post-operative scarring around PQ. Inserting the locking palmar plate to pass under the pronator quadratus muscle and the locking screws are inserted through mini-incisions in pronator quadratus in some patients with distal radius fractures is a reasonable technique which can preserve the pronator quadratus. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the clinical effects after volar plating of the distal radius fractures while preserving the pronator quadratus and pronator quadratus repair. ⋯ Preservation of the pronator quadratus muscle is a satisfactory method for the treatment of majority of the fractures of the distal radius with volar locking palmar plates, as this technique can yield better early wrist function and shorten the rehabilitation.
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Chinese Med J Peking · Jan 2014
Effects of resolvin D1 on inflammatory responses and oxidative stress of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice.
A variety of inflammatory mediators and effector cells participate together in acute lung injury, and lead to secondary injury that is due to an inflammatory cascade and secondary diffuse lung parenchyma injury. Inflammation is associated with an oxidative stress reaction, which is produced in the development of airway inflammation, and which has positive feedback on inflammation itself. Resolvin D1 can reduce the infiltration of neutrophils, regulate cytokine levels and reduce the inflammation reaction, and thereby promote the resolution of inflammation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of resolvin D1 on an inflammatory response and oxidative stress during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury. ⋯ Resolvin D1 displays potent anti-inflammatory actions by regulating cytokines, inhibiting aberrant neutrophil recruitment and stimulating apoptosis of neutrophils. Resolvin D1 can also relieve the injury due to oxidative stress. The mechanisms might be related to increase HO-1 expression.
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Chinese Med J Peking · Jan 2014
Distinct properties and metabolic mechanisms of postresuscitation myocardial injuries in ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest versus asphyxiation cardiac arrest in a porcine model.
The two most prevalent causes of sudden cardiac death are ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest (VFCA) and asphyxiation cardiac arrest (ACA). Profound postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction has been demonstrated in both VFCA and ACA animal models. Our study aimed to characterize the two porcine models of cardiac arrest and postresuscitation myocardial metabolism dysfunction. ⋯ Compared with VFCA, ACA causes more severe myocardium injury and metabolism hindrance, therefore they should be treated as different pathological entities.