Cochrane Db Syst Rev
-
This review is superseded by the published Cochrane Review, Taylor 2023: https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD014785.pub2/full. ⋯ Given the level of investment in growth monitoring worldwide, it is surprising there is so little research evaluating its potential benefits and harms.
-
Neuroleptic drugs are controversial treatments in dementia, with evidence accumulating that they may hasten clinical decline. Despite these concerns, they are commonly prescribed for elderly and demented patients. Thioridazine, a phenothiazine neuroleptic, is one of the most commonly prescribed. It has often been a preferred agent because it is thought to produce relatively less frequent motor side effects. The drug has significant sedative effects, and it is thought that these are the main mechanism of action in calming and controlling the patient. However, pharmacologically, it also has marked anticholinergic properties that could potentially have a detrimental effect on cognitive function. ⋯ Very limited data are available to support the use of thioridazine in the treatment of dementia. If thioridazine were not currently in widespread clinical use, there would be inadequate evidence to support its introduction. The only positive effect of thioridazine when compared to placebo is the reduction of anxiety. When compared to placebo, other neuroleptics, and other sedatives it has equal or higher rates of adverse effects. Clinicians should be aware that there is no evidence to support the use of thioridazine in dementia, and its use may expose patients to excess side effects.
-
Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2000
ReviewNedocromil sodium for preventing exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.
Exercise-induced asthma causes cough, dyspnea, wheeze and chest tightness. Management of focuses on prevention through pharmaco-therapy and alternate strategies. Single use, pre-exercise beta2-agonists and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents such as the cromones are the most common treatments. ⋯ Nedocromil sodium used before exercise appears to reduce the severity and duration of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. This effect appears to be more pronounced in people with severe exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.
-
Because placenta praevia is implanted unusually low in the uterus, it may cause major, and/or repeated, antepartum haemorrhage. The traditional policy of care of women with symptomatic placenta praevia includes prolonged stay in hospital and delivery by caesarean section. ⋯ There are insufficient data from trials to recommend any change in clinical practice. Available data should, however, should encourage further work to address the safety of more conservative policies of hospitalisation for women with suspected placenta praevia, and the possible value of insertion of a cervical suture.
-
Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2000
ReviewKinesthetic stimulation for preventing apnea in preterm infants.
Recurrent apnea is common in preterm infants, particularly at very early gestational ages. These episodes of loss of effective breathing can lead to hypoxemia and bradycardia, which may be severe enough to require resuscitation including use of positive pressure ventilation or other treatments. Physical stimulation is often used to restart breathing and it is possible that repeated stimulation, such as with an oscillating mattress (kinesthetic stimulation), might prevent apnea and its consequences. ⋯ Implications for practice. Prophylactic use of kinesthetic stimulation cannot be recommended to reduce apnea/bradycardia in preterm infants. Implications for research. There are currently no clear research questions regarding prophylactic use of kinesthetic stimulation to prevent apnea in preterm infants.