Cochrane Db Syst Rev
-
Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2004
ReviewStrategies for detecting colon cancer and/or dysplasia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
Patients with longstanding ulcerative colitis and colonic Crohn's disease have an increased risk of colorectal cancer compared with the general population. This review assesses the evidence that endoscopic surveillance may prolong life by allowing earlier detection of colon cancer or its pre-cursor lesion, dysplasia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. ⋯ There is no clear evidence that surveillance colonoscopy prolongs survival in patients with extensive colitis. There is evidence that cancers tend to be detected at an earlier stage in patients who are undergoing surveillance and these patients have a correspondingly better prognosis but lead-time bias could contribute substantially to this apparent benefit. There is indirect evidence that surveillance is likely to be effective at reducing the risk of death from IBD-associated colorectal cancer and indirect evidence that it is acceptably cost-effective.
-
Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2004
ReviewInhaled anti-cholinergics for prolonged non-specific cough in children.
Non-specific cough is defined as non-productive cough in the absence of identifiable respiratory disease or known aetiology. It is commonly seen in paediatric practice. These children are treated with a variety of therapies including inhaled anti-cholinergic medications. ⋯ There is currently no evidence to support the use of inhaled anti-cholinergics for symptomatic control of non-specific cough in children. Further research examining the effects of this intervention is needed.
-
Aversion therapy pairs the pleasurable stimulus of smoking a cigarette with some unpleasant stimulus. The objective is to extinguish the urge to smoke. ⋯ The existing studies provide insufficient evidence to determine the efficacy of rapid smoking, or whether there is a dose-response to aversive stimulation. Milder versions of aversive smoking seem to lack specific efficacy. Rapid smoking is an unproven method with sufficient indications of promise to warrant evaluation using modern rigorous methodology.
-
This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: To determine the effects, both harmful and beneficial of aspirin in the primary prevention of coronary heart disease. ⋯ Are the effects of aspirin, be they harmful or beneficial, affected by underlying risk of CHD? Do the major adverse effects of Aspirin ever outweigh its benefit and is this balance affected by underlying CHD risk?
-
Efficacy of light therapy for non-seasonal depression has been studied without any consensus on its efficacy. ⋯ For patients suffering from non-seasonal depression, bright light therapy offers modest though promising antidepressive efficacy, especially when administered during the first week of treatment, in the morning, and as an adjunctive treatment to sleep deprivation responders. Hypomania as a potential adverse effect needs to be considered. Due to limited data and heterogeneity of studies these results need to be interpreted with caution.