Cochrane Db Syst Rev
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2000
ReviewMaternal antigen avoidance during lactation for preventing atopic disease in infants of women at high risk.
To assess the effects of prescribing an antigen avoidance diet during lactation on the nutritional status of the mother and newborn and on the development of atopic disease in the child. The main focus is on women whose infants are at high risk for developing an atopic condition, based on a history of atopic disease in the mother, father, or a previous child. ⋯ Prescription of an antigen avoidance diet to a high-risk woman during lactation may substantially reduce her child's risk of developing atopic eczema, but better trials are needed.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2000
ReviewEnergy/protein restriction for high weight-for-height or weight gain during pregnancy.
To assess the effects of prescribing a low-energy diet to pregnant women who are either overweight, or who exhibited high weight gain earlier in gestation, on subsequent weight gain, pre-eclampsia, and the outcome of pregnancy. ⋯ Protein/energy restriction of pregnant women who are overweight or exhibit high weight gain is unlikely to be beneficial and may be harmful to the developing fetus.
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To assess the effects of advising pregnant women to increase their energy and protein intakes on those intakes, on gestational weight gain, and on the outcome of pregnancy. ⋯ Nutritional advice appears effective in increasing pregnant women's energy and protein intakes, but the implications for fetal, infant, or maternal health cannot be judged from the available trials. Given the rather modest health benefits demonstrated with actual protein/energy supplementation (see the Cochrane review of 'Balanced protein/energy supplementation in pregnancy'), however, the provision of such advice is unlikely to be of major importance.
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To assess the effects of providing pregnant women with isocaloric protein supplements (ie where the protein replaces an equal quantity of nonprotein energy) on gestational weight gain and on the outcome of pregnancy. ⋯ Balanced protein supplementation alone (ie without energy supplementation) is unlikely to be of benefit to pregnant women or their infants.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2000
ReviewGonadotropin releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary desensitization in in vitro fertilization and gamete intrafallopian transfer cycles.
Gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) are used in assisted reproduction cycles to reversibly block pituitary function and prevent a luteinizing hormone surge. In the short and ultrashort protocols of GnRHa administration, injection of gonadotropins is commenced a few days after the start of GnRHa. In the long protocols (with GnRHa started either in the midluteal phase or in the early follicular phase) gonadotropin administration is delayed until pituitary desensitization has been achieved, usually 2-3 weeks. ⋯ On the basis of clinical pregnancy rate per cycle started, this meta-analysis demonstrates the superiority of the long protocol over the short and ultrashort protocols for GnRHa use in IVF and GIFT cycles.