Cochrane Db Syst Rev
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2000
ReviewProstaglandins versus oxytocin for prelabour rupture of membranes at or near term.
The conventional method of induction of labour is with intravenous oxytocin. More recently, induction with prostaglandins, followed by an infusion of oxytocin if necessary, has been used. ⋯ Women with prelabour rupture of membranes at or near term having their labour induced with prostaglandins appear to have a lower risk of epidural analgesia and fetal heart rate monitoring. However there appears to be an increased risk of chorioamnionitis and nausea/vomiting with prostaglandins compared to oxytocin.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2000
ReviewAnti-D administration after childbirth for preventing Rhesus alloimmunisation.
The development of Rh immunisation and its prophylactic use since the 1970s has meant that severe Rhesus D (RhD) alloimmunisation is now rarely seen. ⋯ Anti-D, given within 72 hours after childbirth, reduces the risk of RhD alloimmunisation in Rhesus negative women who have given birth to a Rhesus positive infant. However the evidence on the optimal dose is limited.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2000
ReviewElastic compression stockings for prevention of deep vein thrombosis.
One of the settings in which deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the lower limb and pelvic veins occurs is prolonged immobilisation in hospital for various surgical and medical illnesses. Use of graduated compression stockings (GCS) in these patients has been proposed to decrease the risk of DVT. ⋯ Analysis of these RCT's confirm that GCS are effective in diminishing the risk of DVT in hospitalised patients. Data examination also suggests, that GCS on a background of another method of prophylaxis is even more effective than GCS alone.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2000
ReviewFolic acid and folinic acid for reducing side effects in patients receiving methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis.
To assess the effects of folic acid and folinic acid in reducing the mucosal and gastrointestinal (GI) and haematologic side effects of low-dose of Methotrexate (MTX) in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and to determine whether or not folate supplementation alters MTX efficacy. ⋯ The results support the protective effect of folate supplementation in reducing MTX side effects related to the oral and GI systems. We could not determine if folic was different from folinic acid. Therefore, for folinic acid to be considered cost-effective it must be found more effective than folic acid at reducing MTX side effects.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2000
ReviewChest physiotherapy for preventing morbidity in babies being extubated from mechanical ventilation.
This section is under preparation and will be included in the next issue. ⋯ The results of this review do not allow development of clear guidelines for clinical practice. Caution is required when interpreting the possible positive effects of chest physiotherapy of a reduction in the use of reintubation and the trend for decreased post-extubation atelectasis as the numbers of babies studied are small, the results are not consistent across trials, data on safety are insufficient, and applicability to current practice may be limited.