Cochrane Db Syst Rev
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2000
ReviewProstaglandins for prelabour rupture of membranes at or near term.
Induction of labour after prelabour rupture of membranes may reduce the risk of neonatal infection. However an expectant approach may be less likely to result in caesarean section. ⋯ Induction of labour with prostaglandins appears to decrease the risk of maternal infection (chorioamnionitis) and admission to neonatal intensive care. Induction of labour with prostaglandins does not appear to increase the rate of caesarean section, although it is associated with more frequent maternal diarrhoea and pain relief.
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In most industrialized countries, drowning ranks second or third behind motor vehicles and fires as a cause of unintentional injury deaths to children under the age of 15. Death rates from drowning are highest in children less than five years old. Pool fencing is a passive environmental intervention designed to reduce unintended access to swimming pools and thus prevent drowning in the preschool age group. Because of the magnitude of the problem and the potential effectiveness of fencing we decided to evaluate the effect of pool fencing as a drowning prevention strategy for young children. ⋯ Pool fences should have a dynamic and secure gate and isolate (i.e., four-sided fencing) the pool from the house. Legislation should require isolation fencing with secure, self-latching gates for all pools, public, semi-public and private.
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Exercise therapy is a widely used treatment for low back pain. ⋯ The evidence summarised in this systematic review does not indicate that specific exercises are effective for the treatment of acute low back pain. Exercises may be helpful for chronic low back pain patients to increase return to normal daily activities and work.
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TB of the pleura is associated with inflammation and fibrosis. Steroids could reduce the effects of the inflammation, but the immunosuppression could make patients vunerable. ⋯ There is insufficient evidence to know whether steroids are effective in tuberculous pleural effusion.
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Surgical bypass of an occluded arterial segment is the mainstay of treatment for patients with critical limb ischaemia. As with many surgical interventions, however, it was introduced without formal evaluation. ⋯ There is limited evidence for the effectiveness of bypass surgery and further large trials are required.