Neurologia medico-chirurgica
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Neurol. Med. Chir. (Tokyo) · Jan 2010
Case ReportsCervical myelopathy caused by atlas osteochondroma and pseudoarthrosis between the osteochondroma and lamina of the axis: case report.
A 58-year-old man presented with a 6-month history of progressive cervical myelopathy. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography of the cervical spine revealed a bone tumor arising from the posterior arch of the atlas and osteophytes at a pseudoarthrosis between the tumor and the lamina of the axis, resulting in marked spinal cord compression. ⋯ The histological diagnosis was osteochondroma. The primary cause of myelopathy in the present case was osteochondroma arising from the posterior arch of the atlas, but the osteophyte formations appearing at the pseudoarthrosis between the atlas osteochondroma and the lamina of the axis might also have contributed to the symptoms, which appeared when the patient was in his late 50s.
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Neurol. Med. Chir. (Tokyo) · Jan 2010
Case ReportsCavernous angioma associated with arteriovenous malformation of the brain--case report.
A 61-year-old man presented a rare case of cerebral cavernous angioma associated with cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) manifesting as headache. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an AVM in the right occipital lobe and a cavernous angioma in the left middle fossa. The patient underwent left frontotemporal craniotomy with total resection of the left parasellar intra-axial tumor. ⋯ The histological diagnoses were cavernous angioma and AVM, respectively. Immunostaining for angiogenic growth factors and structural proteins revealed different expression patterns of alpha-smooth muscle actin in these structures. Expression of structural proteins may reflect differences in their pathogenesis.
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Neurol. Med. Chir. (Tokyo) · Jan 2010
Case ReportsAneurysm on the cortical branch (P4 segment) of the posterior cerebral artery. Case report.
A 75-year-old woman presented with a rare aneurysm on the distal portion (P(4)) of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) causing subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and manifesting as sudden onset of headache, nuchal rigidity, and nausea. Computed tomography on admission revealed thin SAH in the left parietooccipital sulcus. Cerebral angiography demonstrated a small saccular aneurysm on the cortical branch of the left PCA. ⋯ Distal PCA aneurysms frequently affect middle-aged persons and tend to be small, with good clinical course but may cause visual field defects. Direct aneurysm clipping is recommended for patients without visual defect from the onset. Parent artery occlusion by the endovascular technique should be considered for patients with visual loss caused by the initial hemorrhage.
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Neurol. Med. Chir. (Tokyo) · Jan 2010
Case ReportsGlioblastoma detected at the initial stage in its developmental process -case report-.
A 73-year-old male presented with a glioblastoma that was detected at the initial stage in the developmental process. He suffered cerebral infarction. Follow-up magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showed no abnormality. ⋯ Follow-up MR imaging showed regrowth of the tumor and aggravation of edema. The rapid progression of the tumor ultimately resulted in the patient's death 12 months after the onset of right hemiparesis. Diffusion-weighted imaging is a good method for the early detection of glioblastoma.
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Neurol. Med. Chir. (Tokyo) · Jan 2010
Retrospective survey of endovascular treatment for ruptured intracranial aneurysm in Japan: Retrospective Endovascular Subarachnoid Aneurysm Treatment (RESAT) study.
Annual retrospective surveys of 20 to 31 medical centers performing endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysms in Japan from 1997 to 2008 were performed to analyze technical and clinical outcomes of endovascular treatment for ruptured cerebral aneurysm. Patients treated with dome embolization using bare platinum coils within 14 days after onset were retrospectively selected, and clinical features, and technical and clinical outcomes at discharge were studied. Retrospective Endovascular Subarachnoid Aneurysm Treatment (RESAT) 1 covers patients treated from 1997, when the Guglielmi detachable coil was introduced, to 2002, just after International Subarachnoid Aneurysm Trial was reported. ⋯ Procedure-related morbidity was 2.9% and mortality was 0.8%. Despite this survey involving high proportions of aged, posterior circulation, and poor-grade patients, the technical success rate and immediate clinical results were relatively favorable. The patient prognosis and aneurysm changes must be investigated over a longer period, together with the effects of the introduction of new endovascular devices for cerebral aneurysms.