Neurologia medico-chirurgica
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Neurol. Med. Chir. (Tokyo) · Jan 2010
ReviewWhat is the role of clipping surgery for ruptured cerebral aneurysms in the endovascular era? A review of recent technical advances and problems to be solved.
Craniotomy and clipping have been robust treatments for ruptured cerebral aneurysm for more than 50 years, with satisfactory overall outcomes. Technical advances, such as developments in microsurgical tools and equipment, adjunctive therapy, and novel monitoring methods enable safer and more efficient treatment. ⋯ However, craniotomy and clipping are very important for the treatment of ruptured cerebral aneurysm. This paper discusses recent advances and future perspectives in the field of clipping surgery for ruptured aneurysms.
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Neurol. Med. Chir. (Tokyo) · Jan 2010
Long-term follow up of patients with good outcome after intra-arterial thrombolysis for major arterial occlusion in the carotid territory: clinical and magnetic resonance imaging evaluation.
Long-term clinical symptoms, including extrapyramidal signs, and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies were retrospectively analyzed in 21 patients with good outcome (modified Rankin scale scores 0-2) after successful recanalization of occluded major arteries by intra-arterial thrombolysis with mechanical disruption. Changes in high intensity areas (HIAs) and cerebral atrophy in the ischemic hemisphere were evaluated on follow-up fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MR images. Extrapyramidal signs, short-stepped gait and/or masked face, were observed in 12 of 21 patients during the follow-up period (11 to 68 months, mean 42 months). ⋯ More than half of the patients with good outcome showed extrapyramidal signs. Extrapyramidal signs in patients with small infarction may indicate rapid progression of cerebral atrophy. The occurrence of extrapyramidal signs might be related to delayed neuronal death in atrophic areas.
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Neurol. Med. Chir. (Tokyo) · Jan 2010
Comparative StudyComparison of large intrasylvian and subpial hematomas caused by rupture of middle cerebral artery aneurysm.
The clinical characteristics of intrasylvian and subpial hematomas caused by rupture of middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysm were examined in 86 patients admitted to our department with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) caused by ruptured MCA aneurysms. A retrospective study of 26 patients with a large hematoma associated with SAH treated surgically within 48 hours evaluated clinical grade at admission, secondary development of cerebral swelling, ratio of hematoma removal, and incidence of symptomatic vasospasm. ⋯ Removal of hematoma was more difficult and symptomatic vasospasm was more frequent in the intrasylvian hematoma group. The clinical features of subpial and intrasylvian hematomas caused by rupture of MCA aneurysm should be considered for the better management of associated SAH.
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Neurol. Med. Chir. (Tokyo) · Jan 2010
Case ReportsMassive epistaxis from a thrombosed intracavernous internal carotid artery aneurysm 2 years after the initial diagnosis--case report.
A 77-year-old woman presented with a rare case of nontraumatic intracavernous internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysm causing epistaxis. The thrombosed aneurysm was discovered incidentally, and was not treated. However, she suffered massive nasal bleeding 22 months after the initial diagnosis. ⋯ The present case shows that thrombosed intracavernous ICA aneurysm may still carry the risk of rupture. Radiological evidence of erosion of the sphenoid sinus wall and repeated minor bleeding may be important predicting signs for massive nasal bleeding. Parent artery occlusion including the aneurysm may be the best treatment for intracavernous ICA aneurysms if sufficient collateral blood flow to the territory of the affected ICA is expected.
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Neurol. Med. Chir. (Tokyo) · Jan 2010
Case ReportsArachnoidplasty for traumatic subdural hygroma associated with arachnoid cyst in the middle fossa. Case report.
A 5-year old boy presented with an arachnoid cyst in the middle cranial fossa with mild midline shift manifesting as headache and loss of activity. Computed tomography (CT) showed subdural hygroma. Burr-hole drainage was carried out and symptoms were improved postoperatively. ⋯ He underwent craniotomy, and tearing of the outer wall of the arachnoid cyst was observed. The ruptured cyst wall was tightly closed by arachnoidplasty to prevent cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Arachnoidplasty was effective for traumatic subdural hygroma with arachnoid cyst for reconstruction.