Int J Med Sci
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Peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN) solutions contain amino acids, glucose, and electrolytes, with or without some water soluble vitamins. Peripheral venous catheters are one of the causes of catheter related blood stream infection (CRBSI), which requires infection control. In Japan, PPN solutions have rarely been prepared under aseptic conditions. ⋯ As for C. albicans, they grew in all test solutions. C. albicans grew especially well in solutions that contained biotin. When commercial amino acids and glucose solutions with electrolytes are administered, in particular those containing multivitamins or water soluble vitamins, efforts to control infection must be taken to prevent proliferation of microorganisms.
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Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths. The main risk factor is smoking but the risk is also associated with various genetic and epigenetic components in addition to environmental factors. Increases in the gene copy numbers due to chromosomal amplifications constitute a common mechanism for oncogene activation. ⋯ A strong correlation was present between the expression rates of both genes (p<0.001). Patients with adenocarcinoma had higher expression levels of both genes (p=0.02). Conclusion: We conclude that EMSY and CCND1 work in collaboration and contribute to the pathogenesis of lung cancer.
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Objectives. A detailed understanding of the intricate relationships between different acute phase reactants (APRs) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can shed new light on its clinical course. In this case-control study, we sought to identify the interaction networks of a number of plasma APRs in COPD, with a special focus on their association with disease severity. ⋯ Increasing disease severity was associated with distinct intricate networks of APRs, which were especially evident in advanced stages. Conclusions. We identified different networks of APRs in COPD, which were significantly associated with disease severity.
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Lung cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies and is associated with a poor survival rate in the Chinese Han population. Analysis of genetic variants could lead to improvements in prognosis following lung cancer therapy. High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is a ubiquitous nuclear protein found in eukaryotic cells that participates in several biological functions including immune response, cell survival, apoptosis and cancer development. ⋯ Four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the HMGB1 gene were examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We found that the CT or CC+CT heterozygotes of the HMGB1 rs1045411 polymorphism reduced the risks for lung cancer, while the G/T/C haplotypes of three HMGB1 SNPs (rs1360485, rs1045411 and rs2249825) also reduced the risk for lung cancer by almost half (0.486-fold). The current study is the first to examine the risk factors associated with HMGB1 SNPs in lung cancer development in the Chinese Han population.
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Endothelial cell-specific molecule 1 (ESM1) is a major prognostic marker of several tumor types, but its value as a marker for prostate cancer is unknown. The purpose of the present study was to measure the relationship of ESM1 expression with androgen receptor (AR) expression and with Gleason score in human prostate carcinoma tissue. ⋯ ESM1 expression was also greater in prostate tissues with higher Gleason score and Gleason grade (p < 0.001 for both comparisons), and also correlated with AR expression (R = 0.727, p < 0.001). In conclusion, our results demonstrated that ESM1 should be considered as a marker for the diagnosis of prostate cancer.