Int J Med Sci
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This study aimed to investigate the influence of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for the development of dry eye disease (DED) in subjects with prostate cancer via the use of national health insurance research database (NHIRD) of Taiwan. A retrospective cohort study was conducted and patients were selected as prostate cancer with ADT according to diagnostic and procedure codes. Each participant in that group was then matched to one patient with prostate cancer but without ADT and two subject s without prostate cancer and ADT. ⋯ The rate of DED in the prostate cancer with ADT group (aHR: 0.980, 95% CI: 0.771-1.246, P= 0.8696) and Prostate cancer without ADT group (aHR: 1.064, 95% CI: 0.855-1.325, P= 0.5766) were not significantly different compared to the control group. In addition, the patients aged 70-79 years old demonstrated a significantly higher incidence of developing DED compared to those aged 50-59 years old (aHR: 1.885, 95% CI: 1.188-2.989, P= 0.0071). In conclusion, the use of ADT did not alter the incidence of subsequent DED.
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Background: Diaphragm movement is well correlated with inspired volume of the lung. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has less effect on respiratory functions than other sedatives. The objective of this study was to investigate diaphragmatic movement using ultrasound (US) during DEX infusion for sedation in spontaneously breathing patients undergoing unilateral upper limb surgery. ⋯ Desaturation episodes were not observed during the study period. Conclusions: Results of this study showed that DEX sedation did not affect the diaphragmatic movement in situation of decreased RR induced by DEX. This finding implies that DEX-induced sedation does not result in clinically significant respiratory depression.
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Backgrounds: The immunonutritional index showed great potential for predicting postoperative complications in various malignant diseases, while risk assessment based on machine learning (ML) methods is becoming popular in clinical practice. Early detection and prevention for postoperative anastomotic leakage (AL) play an important role in prognosis improvement among patients with gastric cancer (GC). Methods: This retrospective study included 297 patients with gastric cancer receiving gastrectomy between 2018 and 2021 in general surgery department of Xinhua Hospital. ⋯ Also, statistical analysis revealed multiple variables with significant relevance to postoperative AL, including serum CRP and albumin on postoperative day 4, NLR and SII etc. Conclusion: This study showed that perioperative immunonutritional index could act as an indicator for postoperative AL. Also, ML methods could significantly enhance the classification ability, and therefore, could be applied as a powerful tool for postoperative risk assessment for patients with GC.
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Purpose: The alteration of the exosomal proteins in the aqueous humor (AH) is linked to the development of eye diseases. The goal of this study was to examine the exosomal protein profile of patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) to better understand their role in the pathogenesis of AMD. Methods: Exosomes were isolated from the AH of 28 AMD and 25 control eyes. ⋯ Conclusions: In this study, we successfully isolated and purified AH exosomes. Our results provide pioneering findings for the exosomal protein profile in AMD development and under therapy. These unique proteins could be the new targets for drug discovery or biological markers for evaluating therapeutic efficacy.
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Background: Obesity and cognitive function decline are independent risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, few studies have examined the combined effects of obesity status and cognitive function on change in CKD risk. We aimed to evaluate the association between obesity status, cognitive function and CKD risk change in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). ⋯ There was a synergistic interaction between moderate and severe obesity and MMSE score ≤18 on CKD risk progression (SI=4.461; 95% CI: 1.998-9.962), and the proportion of CKD risk progression caused by this interaction was 52.7% (API=0.527; 95% CI: 0.295-0.759). However, normal weight and MMSE score ≥24 were not beneficial on CKD risk improvement in the patients with a moderate risk and very high-risk stage of CKD. Conclusion: There may be a synergistic interaction between obesity and cognitive function decline, and the synergistic interaction may increase the risk of CKD progression.