Int J Med Sci
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Skeletal muscle injuries are commonly observed during sports and trauma. Regular exercise promotes muscle repair; however, the underlying mechanisms require further investigation. In addition to exercise, osteopontin (OPN) contributes to skeletal muscle regeneration and fibrosis following injury. ⋯ OPN can improve post-injury muscle repair by activating MMPs and TGF-β pathways. It is upregulated by regular exercise. Our study provides a potential target for the treatment of muscle injuries and explains why regular physical exercise is beneficial for muscle repair.
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Long non-coding RNAs are thought to play a vital role in a variety of human malignancies. Studies have shown that MIR155 host gene (MIR155HG) acts as an oncogene in several cancers, but the function and its mechanism of MIR155HG in gastric cancer (GC) is still poorly understood. In this study, we determined the biological functions and underlying mechanisms of MIR155HG in GC cells. ⋯ Moreover, cytotoxicity and apoptosis assays revealed overexpression of MIR155HG reduced the apotosis of GC cells induced by cisplatin and 5-FU. Together, our studies suggested that MIR155HG overexpression promoted proliferation, migration, and chemoresistance of GC cells. These results might provide a lncRNA-based target for GC treatment in future.
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Cancer has been linked to metabolic disorders and diverse gene mutations. Metformin, which is widely used to treat type 2 diabetes, inhibits the growth of cancer cells in animal models. Here we investigated the effects of metformin on human gastric cancer cell lines. ⋯ Our results revealed that metformin and lansoprazole can significantly inhibit cancer cell growth in a dose-dependent manner by suppressing cell cycle progression and inducing apoptosis. Low concentrations of metformin and lansoprazole have a synergistic effect on AGS cell growth inhibition. In summary, our findings suggest a new and safe treatment protocol for treating stomach cancers.
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Background: Menopause is accompanied by increased oxidative stress, partly contributing to weight gain and bone marrow adiposity. Traditional Chinese medication, E'Jiao, has been demonstrated to reduce excessive bone remodelling during oestrogen deprivation, but its effects on body composition and bone marrow adiposity during menopause remain elusive. Objective: To determine the effects of E'Jiao on body composition, bone marrow adiposity and skeletal redox status in ovariectomised (OVX) rats. ⋯ Conclusion: E'Jiao, especially at the low dose, prevented body composition changes and bone marrow adiposity due to ovariectomy. These changes could be mediated by the antioxidant actions of E'Jiao. It has the potential to be used among postmenopausal women to avoid adiposity.
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Introduction: Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is common after liver surgery, particularly in patients of older age. However, an understanding of the mechanism of injury remains incomplete. In this study, we explored the molecular mechanisms underlying hepatic I/R injury and associations with age in a murine model. ⋯ Before and after hepatic I/R injury, mmu-miR-9-5p, mmu-miR-329-3p, and mmu-miR-290a-5p showed significant differential expression both in young (1 month old) and old (1 year old) mice. miR-329-3p had the most significant differential expression, and its predicted target genes Adamts4 and Dnajb1 were also significantly upregulated. Conclusions: The decrease in miR-329-3p expression upregulated Adamts4 and Dnajb1 expression in mouse hepatic I/R injury in an age-independent manner. This finding contributes to our understanding of hepatic I/R injury, and highlights novel molecular targets for future therapeutic development.