Int J Med Sci
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Traumatic brain injury is a medical event of global concern, and a growing body of research suggests that circular RNAs can play very important roles in traumatic brain injury. To explore the functions of more novel and valuable circular RNA in traumatic brain injury response, a moderate traumatic brain injury in rats was established and comprehensive analysis of circular RNA expression profiles in rat cerebral cortex was done. ⋯ This study showed that differentially expressed circular RNAs existed between rat cerebral cortex after moderate traumatic brain injury and control. And this will provide valuable information for circular RNA research in the field of traumatic brain injury.
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Retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RLPS) is one of the most common subtypes of retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas. It is characterized by poor sensitivity to radiotherapy and chemotherapy and a low success rate of complete surgical resection. However, there are few reliable preclinical RLPS models for target discovery and therapy research. ⋯ Treatment with MDM2 inhibitor RG7112 significantly suppressed tumor growth of DDLPS PDX in mice. In conclusion, we successfully established RLPS PDX models that were histologically, genetically, and molecularly consistent with the original tissues. These models might provide opportunities for advancing RLPS tumor biology research, facilitating the development of novel drugs, particularly those targeting MDM2 amplification, adipose differentiation process, angiogenesis, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and so on.
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Background: Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is implicated in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD), but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that TLR4 mediates brain damage after hypoxic ischemia (HI) by inducing abnormal neuroimmune responses, including activation of immune cells and expression disorder of immune factors, while early inhibition of TLR4 can alleviate the neuroimmune dysfunction. Method: Postnatal day 7 rats were randomized into control, HI, and HI+TAK-242 (TAK-242) groups. ⋯ ICAM-1 expression increased 24 h after HI, while C3a expression decreased; TAK-242 also alleviated these changes. TNF-α and IL-1β expression increased, while IL-10 expression decreased at 24 h and 7 days after HI; TAK-242 counteracted the increased TNF-α and IL-1β expression at 24 h and the changes in IL-1β and IL-10 at 7 days, but induced no significant differences in IL-10 expression at 24 h and TNF-α expression at 7 days. Conclusion: Early TLR4 inhibition can alleviate hippocampal immune dysfunction after neonatal HIBD.
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Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Comparison of survival outcomes between primary and secondary muscle-invasive bladder cancer: An updated meta-analysis.
Objective: Studies have showed that different follow-up starting points might potentially impact the comparison between primary (PMIBC) and secondary muscle-invasive bladder cancer (SMIBC), but the only previous meta-analysis did not differentiate the follow-up starting points of included studies. With more trials published, we aim to update the meta-analysis comparing PMIBC and SMIBC. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrial.gov. systematically searched. ⋯ In terms of OM and recurrence, outcomes were pooled only after RC, which both turned out to be higher for SMIBC (OM: HR 1.50, 95%CI 1.30-1.73, P<0.00001, I2=0%; Recurrence: HR 1.66, 95%CI 1.36-2.02, P<0.00001, I2=48%). No obvious publication bias was observed from funnel plot. Conclusion: The current study suggested SMIBC had higher risk of CSM, OM and recurrence after RC, but lower risk of CSM after initial diagnosis.
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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is the largest health crisis ever faced worldwide. It has resulted in great health and economic costs because no effective treatment is currently available. Since infected persons vary in presentation from healthy asymptomatic mild symptoms to those who need intensive care support and eventually succumb to the disease, this illness is considered to depend primarily on individual immunity. ⋯ Some drugs with in-situ immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity are also identified as adjunctive therapy in the COVID-19 era. This review discusses the importance of COVID-19 interactions with immune cells and inflammatory cells; and further emphasizes the possible pathways related with traditional herbs, medications and nutritional products. We believe that such pathophysiological pathway approach treatment is rational and important for future development of new therapeutic agents for prevention or cure of COVID-19 infection.