Int J Med Sci
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Objectives: In this study, we aimed to assess the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) of young, healthy, non-athletic Saudi men using maximum graded exercise with instant breath-by-breath analysis and to compare this value to the predicted VO2max by international formulae. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 88 young non-athletic normal-weight Saudi subjects were recruited from Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia with mean age (21.3 ± 1.5 years), weight: (64.7 ± 7.5 kg), height: (172.3 ± 6.1 cm) and body mass index: (21.8 ± 2.1). All subjects were interviewed and examined for eligibility, after which they performed maximum graded exercise testing on a treadmill to obtain VO2max. ⋯ This value was lower than Western values, which might be due to low physical activity or racial differences. Most international formulae overestimate the VO2max in this population, except for the Hansen equation. Therefore, Hansen's predicted VO2max might be the best available reference value for the diagnosis and prognosis of young Saudi individuals undergoing maximum exercise testing.
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Comparative Study
Comparison of Screws with Different Diameters in Subperiosteal Implant Application with Finite Element Analysis.
Purpose: This study aimed to assess subperiosteal implants concerning bone stress and screw displacement, utilizing finite element analysis to determine the optimal screw diameter for enhanced bone support. Methods: Computed tomography data were translated into STL format, generating two skull models. Subperiosteal implants were constructed on these models and placed accordingly. ⋯ However, the 1.5 mm screw exhibited less implant movement. Conclusion: The finite element analysis suggests the 2 mm screw diameter as more advantageous over the 1.5 mm variant for subperiosteal implants. Nevertheless, this investigation marks the initial stages in exploring this treatment option's potential.
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Introduction: Gallstones are one of the most common digestive diseases globally, with an estimated affected population of 15% in the United States. Our aim is to assess the current association between oral health and gallstones, exploring potential mediation factors. Methods: Self-reported gallstones were determined based on medical condition questionnaires. ⋯ Mediation analysis identified blood glucose as a crucial mediator, with a mediation effect ratio of 4.91%. Conclusions: Appropriate lifestyle interventions for patients with missing teeth may help delay the onset of gallstones, such as healthy dietary habits, trace elements supplementing, and managing weight and blood sugar levels. Further exploration of the relationship between oral health and overall health contributes to disease prevention and comprehensive medical management.
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Background: Current treatments with urate-lowering therapy (ULT) are effective for most patients with gout. However, approximately 10% of these patients do not respond well to ULT and develop chronic tophus lesions. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of surgery involving the shaver technique against chronic tophus lesions. ⋯ However, factors such as age, sex, body mass index, renal function, or uricemia level exerted no significant effect on surgical outcomes. Conclusion: Surgery involving the shaver technique should be performed before tophus infection. Clinical outcomes tend to be better for upper extremity lesions than for lower extremity lesions.
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Background and aim: Patients with chronic hepatitis B patients (CHB) with low-level viremia (LLV) are not necessarily at low risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The question of whether CHB patients with LLV require immediate antiviral agent (AVT) or long-term AVT remains controversial. The study aims to investigate the risk of HCC development and the risk factors in CHB patients with LLV and construct a nomogram model predicting the risk of HCC. ⋯ Conclusion: Patients with LLV and MVR are still at risk for developing HCC. The nomogram established for CHB patient with LLV, incorporating identified significant risk factors, serves as an effective tool for predicting HCC-free outcomes. This nomogram model provides valuable information for determining appropriate surveillance strategies and prescribing AVT.